Objectives: Currently, there are three monotherapy drugs approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDS): morphine, ziconotide, and baclofen. In practice, use includes alternate drugs, drug combinations, and drug concentrations. There is a paucity of real-world data examining prescription patterns for IDDS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSkeletal muscles of the head and trunk originate in distinct lineages with divergent regulatory programmes converging on activation of myogenic determination factors. Branchiomeric head and neck muscles share a common origin with cardiac progenitor cells in cardiopharyngeal mesoderm (CPM). The retinoic acid (RA) signalling pathway is required during a defined early time window for normal deployment of cells from posterior CPM to the heart.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemaphorin6A (Sema6A) is a repulsive guidance molecule that plays many roles in central nervous system, heart and bone development, as well as immune system responses and cell signaling in cancer. Loss of Sema6A or its receptor PlexinA2 in zebrafish leads to smaller eyes and improper retinal patterning. Here, we investigate a potential role for the Sema6A intracellular domain in zebrafish eye development and dissect which phenotypes rely on forward signaling and which rely on reverse signaling.
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