Typhoid fever in children in Goroka, Papua New Guinea.

Background: Typhoid is endemic in many low-income countries, including in Papua New Guinea. This study aimed to describe the burden and clinical features of typhoid in children in a provincial hospital, to describe environmental conditions that lead to typhoid, and to document the antibiotic sensitivity of Salmonella spp. in the Eastern Highlands Province.

Epilepsy in Papua New Guinea: a longitudinal cohort study.

Epilepsy affects up to 1-4% of children living in low income and middle countries, however there are few studies of the problems faced by children with epilepsy in such settings. We aimed to document the situation for children with epilepsy in Port Moresby, an urban area in Papua New Guinea, a low-middle income country in the Western Pacific region. We conducted longitudinal cohort study using mixed methods, with serial data collected over 2 years which assessed seizure control, neurodevelopment, and structured interviews with children and parents.

Evaluation of an individualized dose titration regimen of patiromer to prevent hyperkalaemia in patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease.

Aims: Hyperkalaemia risk precludes optimal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor use in patients with heart failure (HF), particularly those with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patiromer is a sodium-free, non-absorbed potassium (K )-binding polymer approved for the treatment of hyperkalaemia. In PEARL-HF, patiromer 25.

Serum-to-dialysate potassium gradient and its association with short-term outcomes in hemodialysis patients.

Background: A high serum-to-dialysate potassium (K+) gradient at the start of dialysis leads to rapid lowering of serum K+ and may confer a greater risk of adverse events. Here, we examined the near-term association of K+ gradient with clinical outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective (2010-11) event-based study considered 830 741 patient-intervals, each defined by a pre-dialysis measurement of serum K+ made among adult Medicare Parts A and B enrollees who received in-center hemodialysis on a Monday/Wednesday/Friday schedule at a large US dialysis organization.

Evaluation of the Potential for Drug Interactions With Patiromer in Healthy Volunteers.

Introduction: Patiromer is a potassium-binding polymer that is not systemically absorbed; however, it may bind coadministered oral drugs in the gastrointestinal tract, potentially reducing their absorption.

Methods: Twelve randomized, open-label, 3-period, 3-sequence crossover studies were conducted in healthy volunteers to evaluate the effect of patiromer (perpetrator drug) on absorption and single-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) of drugs (victims) that might be commonly used with patiromer. Subjects received victim drug alone, victim drug administered together with patiromer 25.