AA amyloidosis complicating monoclonal gammopathies, an unusual feature validating the concept of "monoclonal gammopathy of inflammatory significance"?

Introduction: AL amyloidosis is caused by the proliferation of an immunoglobulin-secreting B cell clone. AA amyloidosis is a rare complication of chronic inflammation. However, some patients present with diseases combining monoclonal immunoglobulin production and chronic inflammation.

Effects of cinacalcet in renal transplant patients with hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Cinacalcet decreases serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium concentrations in kidney transplant recipients with autonomous hyperparathyroidism. Long-term treatment with cinacalcet may increase urinary calcium excretion and the risk of renal calcium deposits and may alter renal graft function.

Methods: We studied 71 renal recipients with hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism.

Renal transplantation in patients with sarcoidosis: a French multicenter study.

Background And Objectives: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder of unknown etiology. The outcome of renal transplantation on patients with sarcoidosis is not well known. A few case reports have described recurrence of sarcoidosis after transplant.

T-cell phenotype in protocol renal biopsy from transplant recipients treated with belatacept-mediated co-stimulatory blockade.

Background: Belatacept is thought to disrupt the interaction between CD80/86 and CD28, thus preventing T-cell activation by blocking the co-stimulatory second signal. However, the consequences on the T-cell profile in human renal transplant cases have not been determined.

Methods: In this study, we analysed intra-graft levels of the mRNAs for Treg (FOXP3), cytotoxic CD8 T cells (Granzyme B), Th1 (INFγ, Tbet), Th2 (GATA3) and Th17 (RORγt and IL-17) in protocol biopsies obtained 12 months after renal transplantation in recipients treated with Belatacept or calcineurin inhibitor (CNI).

Immunological risk in recipients of kidney transplants from extended criteria donors.

Background: Determining if a kidney from a marginal donor is likely to elicit a strong and specific immune response, leading to an increased risk of acute rejection, is of importance in renal transplantation.

Methods: In this study, we analysed the effect of extended criteria donor (ECD) on the incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR) and the effect of immunological risk factors on graft outcome in a large cohort of kidney transplant recipients (n = 2121 patients) grafted with ECD (n = 656 patients) or optimal donor (OD) (n = 1465 patients).

Results: The incidence of BPAR was not statistically different between the ECD group recipients (105/656, 16%) and the OD group recipients (251/1465, 17%) (P = 0.