Cardiovascular disease in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis compared with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and other liver diseases: A systematic review.

The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is poorly characterized, particularly other liver diseases including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). To identify available evidence, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane database searches (main search: 2011-September 6, 2021; additional search [MEDLINE only]: September 7, 2021-February 15, 2023), plus manual searches (2019-September 2021), were performed. Studies reporting CVD outcomes (angina, coronary artery disease [CAD], heart failure, myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, stroke, venous thromboembolic disease, and CV mortality) in adults with histologically confirmed MASH and MASLD or other liver diseases were identified, with studies of MASLD without confirmed MASH excluded.

Which renal access technique for PCNL is more difficult to teach using simulation?

Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a challenging procedure that urology trainees should be familiar with during residency. Simulators, such as the PERC Mentor, allow the development of this competency in a safer, stress-free environment. There are two primary fluoroscopic methods of gaining percutaneous renal access: the triangulation method and the bull's eye method.

Pulmonary artery-bronchus fistula treated with coil embolization.

Bronchopulmonary arterial fistula consists of an abnormal connection between the bronchus and the vascular tree and is a rare but serious complication associated with a variety of lung interventions. We present a case of a 61-year-old female with a history of metastatic breast cancer treated with lumpectomy and radiation 20 years prior, who was found to have a fistula between the right pulmonary artery and the right mainstem bronchus. Our patient was treated endovascularly with coil embolization in the setting of massive hemoptysis flooding the trachea, which was successful in controlling the acute bleed, although care was withdrawn in the following days following a discussion with the family given the presence of advanced metastatic disease.

Intraparenchymal hemorrhage and cerebral venous thrombosis in an adult with congenital porencephalic cyst presenting for generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Prothrombotic conditions are known risk factors for porencephalic cyst formation and cerebral vein thrombosis. Intracerebral hemorrhage is a potential complication of a cerebral vein thrombosis. Porencephaly is a risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral vein thrombosis formation.