Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Enhance CNS Remyelination Independent of Estrogen Receptors.

A significant unmet need for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is the lack of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved remyelinating therapies.

Identification of the Kappa-Opioid Receptor as a Therapeutic Target for Oligodendrocyte Remyelination.

Unlabelled: Remyelinating therapies seek to promote restoration of function and normal cellular architecture following demyelination in diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Functional screening for small molecules or novel targets for remyelination is a major hurdle to the identification and development of rational therapeutics for MS. Recent findings and technical advances provide us with a unique opportunity to provide insight into the cell autonomous mechanisms for remyelination and address this unmet need.

Pluripotent stem cell miRNAs and metastasis in invasive breast cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine whether microRNA for pluripotent stem cells are also expressed in breast cancer and are associated with metastasis and outcome.

Methods: We studied global microRNA profiles during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (n =26) and in breast cancer patients (n = 33) and human cell lines (n = 35). Using in situ hybridization, we then investigated MIR302 expression in 318 untreated breast cancer patients (test cohort, n = 22 and validation cohort, n = 296).

Prostaglandin-modulated umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for use in allogeneic transplantation. Key advantages of UCB are rapid availability and less stringent requirements for HLA matching. However, UCB contains an inherently limited HSC count, which is associated with delayed time to engraftment, high graft failure rates, and early mortality.