Decoding Kidney Pathophysiology: Omics-Driven Approaches in Precision Medicine.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major worldwide health concern because of its progressive nature and complex biology. Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches usually fail to account for disease heterogeneity, resulting in low efficacy. Precision medicine offers a novel approach to studying kidney disease by combining omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics.

Personalized Antifibrotic Therapy in CKD Progression.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic disorder characterized by kidney fibrosis and extracellular matrix accumulation that can lead to end-stage kidney disease. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inflammatory cytokines, the TGF-β pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, the Notch pathway, and the NF-κB pathway all play crucial roles in the progression of fibrosis. Current medications, such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, try to delay disease development but do not stop or reverse fibrosis.

Innovative label-free lymphoma diagnosis using infrared spectroscopy and machine learning on tissue sections.

The diagnosis of lymphomas is challenging due to their diverse histological presentations and clinical manifestations. There is a need for inexpensive tools that require minimal expertise and are accessible for routine laboratories. Contrastingly, current conventional diagnostic methods are often found only in specialized environments.

Near-infrared microscopy reveals diabetic nephropathy in ob/ob mice.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of global kidney failure. While histological kidney biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, it primarily reveals tissue morphology. In contrast, near-infrared (NIR) microscopy offers a label-free method for detailed molecular characterization of kidney tissue.

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling in Chronic Kidney Disease: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Potentials.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a steady decline in kidney function and affects roughly 10% of the world's population. This review focuses on the critical function of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling in CKD, specifically how it influences both protective and pathogenic processes in the kidney. cAMP, a critical secondary messenger, controls a variety of cellular functions, including transcription, metabolism, mitochondrial homeostasis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis.