Climate and body size have differential roles on melanism evolution across workers in a worldwide ant genus.

One of the main aspects associated with the diversity in animal colour is the variation in melanization levels. In ectotherms, melanism can be advantageous in aiding thermoregulation through heat absorption. Darker bodies may also serve as a shield from harmful UV-B radiation.

Species limits within the widespread Amazonian treefrog with descriptions of two new species (Anura, Hylidae).

The genus is one of the most speciose among Neotropical anurans and its number of described species is increasing. Herein, molecular, morphological, and bioacoustic evidence are combined to assess species limits within , a widely distributed species in the Amazon Basin. Phylogenetic relationships were assessed using 3040 bp sequences of mitochondrial DNA, genes 12S, ND1, and CO1.

[Foramen magnum meningiomas: A report of 12 cases and literature review].

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to assess the results attained for 12 patients with an anterior or lateral foramen magnum meningioma, treated microsurgically.

Methods: Between June 2005 and December 2016, 12 patients with foramen magnum meningiomas underwent microsurgical resection. Patients' age and gender, tumor localization (anterior or lateral), symptoms, approach, and postoperative results were analyzed.

[Hemangioblastomas of the posterior fossa: Report of 16 cases and literature review].

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the results of 16 patients with posterior fossa hemangioblastoma, treated with microsurgical techniques.

Method: Between June 2005 and December 2015, 16 patients with posterior fossa hemangioblastoma were operated on, underwent microsurgical resection. The sex, age, imaging findings, symptoms, and postoperative results were analyzed.