Novel Mechanism of Foxo1 Phosphorylation in Glucagon Signaling in Control of Glucose Homeostasis.

Dysregulation of hepatic glucose production (HGP) serves as a major underlying mechanism for the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The pancreatic hormone glucagon increases and insulin suppresses HGP, controlling blood glucose homeostasis. The forkhead transcription factor Foxo1 promotes HGP through increasing expression of genes encoding the rate-limiting enzymes responsible for gluconeogenesis.

The effect of elastic therapeutic taping on lumbar extensor isokinetic performance.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of elastic therapeutic tape when applied overlaying the lumbar extensors on different measures of muscle performance, compared to a placebo taping technique and a no-tape control.

Design: A cross-sectional experimental study.

Setting: A biomechanics laboratory.

Life Cycle Assessment of Mixed Municipal Solid Waste: Multi-input versus multi-output perspective.

This paper analyses four strategies for managing the Mixed Municipal Solid Waste (MMSW) in terms of their environmental impacts and potential advantages by means of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. To this aim, both a multi-input and a multi-output approach are applied to evaluate the effect of these perspectives on selected impact categories. The analyzed management options include direct landfilling with energy recovery (S-1), Mechanical-Biological Treatment (MBT) followed by Waste-to-Energy (WtE) conversion (S-2), a combination of an innovative MBT/MARSS (Material Advanced Recovery Sustainable Systems) process and landfill disposal (S-3), and finally a combination of the MBT/MARSS process with WtE conversion (S-4).

The in vivo rate of somatic adenomatous polyposis coli mutation.

Cancer arises through successive somatic mutations/epimutations of oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Accurate estimates of the rates at which these (epi)mutations occur are a vital but missing link in our emerging quantitative understanding of tumorigenesis. Their absence has hindered arguments concerning the importance of genetic instability in tumorigenesis and the number of mutations that precede malignant conversion of healthy cell lineages.