The first balloon-borne sample analysis of atmospheric carbonaceous components reveals new insights into formation processes.

Atmospheric aerosol optical, physical, and chemical properties play a fundamental role in the Earth's climate system. A better understanding of the processes involved in their formation, evolution, and interaction with radiation and the water cycle is critical. We report the analysis of atmospheric molecules/particles collected with a new sampling system that flew under regular weather balloons for the first time.

Regional US carbon sinks from three-dimensional atmospheric CO2 sampling.

Studies diverge substantially on the actual magnitude of the North American carbon budget. This is due to the lack of appropriate data and also stems from the difficulty to properly model all the details of the flux distribution and transport inside the region of interest. To sidestep these difficulties, we use here a simple budgeting approach to estimate land-atmosphere fluxes across North America by balancing the inflow and outflow of CO(2) from the troposphere.

Comparative single-dose pharmacokinetics of clonazepam following intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration to healthy volunteers.

The objective was to assess the single-dose pharmacokinetics of clonazepam following i.m., p.

Effects of food on the pharmacokinetics of levodopa in a dual-release formulation.

The objective was to assess the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa after administration of a new levodopa/benserazide formulation with a dual-release drug delivery profile (Madopar DR). In an open-label, two-way cross-over study, 19 healthy volunteers who had fasted overnight were randomized to receive a single oral dose of levodopa/benserazide (200/50 mg) in the absence or presence of a standardized, high-fat breakfast, administered 30 min before drug administration. The treatment periods (fasting, non-fasting) were preceded by a baseline regimen of levodopa/benserazide (100/25 mg t.

Comparative single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa following a new dual-release and a conventional slow-release formulation of levodopa and benserazide in healthy volunteers.

The objective was to assess the single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa following administration of a new dual-release and conventional slow-release formulation of levodopa/benserazide in the dose ratio of 4:1. In an open-label, two-way cross-over study, 20 healthy volunteers were randomized to receive first either Madopar DR or Madopar HBS for 8 days. Then they crossed over to the other formulation.