Comparative analysis of transposable elements dynamics in fish with different sex chromosome systems.

Transposable elements (TEs) are widespread genomic components with substantial roles in genome evolution and sex chromosome differentiation. In this study, we compared the TE composition of three closely related fish with different sex chromosome systems: (Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1W1Z2W2), (ZZ/ZW) (both with highly differentiated W sex chromosomes), and (without heteromorphic sex chromosomes). We created custom TE libraries for each species using clustering methods and manual annotation and prediction, and we predicted TE temporal dynamics through divergence-based analysis.

Revealing the Satellite DNA Content in Ancistrus sp. (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) by Genomic and Bioinformatic Analysis.

Introduction: Eukaryotic genomes are composed of simple, repetitive sequences, including satellite DNAs (satDNA), which are noncoding sequences arranged in tandem arrays. These sequences play a crucial role in genomic functions and innovations, influencing processes such as the maintenance of nuclear material, the formation of heterochromatin and the differentiation of sex chromosomes. In this genomic era, advances in next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics tools have facilitated the exhaustive cataloging of repetitive elements in genomes, particularly in non-model species.

Decentralization of Clinical Trials: Opportunities, Risks and Development Paths.

The pandemic period represented, from many points of view, an opportunity for the updating of research processes, simplifying paths and highlighting the need to reflect on new ways of designing and organizing clinical trials. Starting from a literature analysis, a multidisciplinary working group composed of clinicians, patient representatives, university professors, researchers and experts in the field of health policy, ethics applied to health, digital health, logistics confronted with respect to the positive aspects, critical issues and risks that decentralization and digitalization can imply for the different target groups. The working group proposed feasibility guidelines of decentralized protocols for Italy, developing reflections that may be relevant also for other European countries.