Unrefined and Milled Ilmenite as a Cost-Effective Photocatalyst for UV-Assisted Destruction and Mineralization of PFAS.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are fluorinated and refractory pollutants that are ubiquitous in industrial wastewater. Photocatalytic destruction of such pollutants with catalysts such as TiO and ZnO is an attractive avenue for removal of PFAS, but refined forms of such photocatalysts are expensive. This study, for the first time, utilized milled unrefined raw mineral ilmenite, coupled to UV-C irradiation to achieve mineralization of the two model PFAS compounds perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluoro octane sulfonic acid (PFOS).

On-Site Pilot-Scale Microalgae Cultivation Using Industrial Wastewater for Bioenergy Production: A Case Study towards Circular Bioeconomy.

This case study assesses the valorization of industrial wastewater streams for bioenergy generation in an industrial munition facility. On-site pilot-scale demonstrations were performed to investigate the feasibility of algal growth in the target wastewater on a larger outdoor scale. An exploratory field study followed by an optimized one were carried out using two 1000 L open raceway ponds deployed within a greenhouse at an industrial munition facility.

Degradation and fate of 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and its intermediates treated with Mg/Cu bimetal: Surface examination with XAS, DFT, and LDI-MS.

A novel Mg-based bimetal reagent (Mg/Cu) was used as an enhanced reductive system to degrade insensitive munition 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), a contaminant found in energetic-laden waste. Degradation of DNAN was significantly impacted by dissolved oxygen and studied in anoxic and oxic bimetal systems (i.e.

Competitive adsorption of nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate on amine-modified wheat straw: In-situ infrared spectroscopic and density functional theory study.

Amine-modified wheat straw (AMWS) has already been reported as a promising adsorbent for nitrate (NO) removal due to its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency. However, the NO removal mechanism has not been well understood, especially in the presence of co-existing ions. Here, the effect of co-existing anions on NO removal by AMWS was investigated and the underlying mechanisms were revealed using a combination of in-situ infrared (IR) spectroscopy and computational modeling.

Enhanced precipitation of magnesium carbonates using carbonic anhydrase.

Carbonate precipitation, as part of the carbon dioxide (CO) mineralization process, is generally regarded as a high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-purity CO process. Typical conditions consist of temperatures around 120 °C and a pressure of 100 bar of pure CO, making the process costly. A major challenge facing carbonate precipitation is performing the reaction at low temperatures and low partial pressures of CO (p) such as 25 °C and CO flue gas concentration.