Pulmonary infection by Lophomonas spp. and Aspergillus spp. in a B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia patient from Chile.

The flagellated protozoan Lophomonas spp. is a commensal microorganism found in the intestinal tracts of cockroaches, termites, mites, and certain birds. It is the causative agent of a rare infection in humans called lophomoniasis, primarily affecting the lungs and mainly immunocompromised individuals.

Molecular Study of in Respiratory Samples of HIV Patients in Chile.

is an opportunistic fungus that causes potentially fatal pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of in HIV patients through phenotypic and molecular study, to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of at the mitochondrial gene mtLSU and at the nuclear dihydropteroate synthase gene (), and by analysis of molecular docking to study the effect of mutations on the enzymatic affinity for sulfamethoxazole. A PCP prevalence of 28.

Differential CD4 T Regulatory Cell Phenotype Induced by Andes Hantavirus Glycoprotein.

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) caused by Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) in South America is a public health threat due to the significant rate of mortality and the lack of a specific treatment. Interestingly, the virus does not produce cytopathic effect, thereby the strong antiviral immune response is suspected to contribute to pathogenesis, hence is important to understand the balance between protective and harmfully immunity. CD4 T regulatory cells (Treg) are essential to control an exacerbated immune response.

High prevalence of CTX-M-1 group in ESBL-producing enterobacteriaceae infection in intensive care units in southern Chile.

Enterobacteria-producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) play an important role in healthcare infections, increasing hospitalization time, morbidity and mortality rates. Among several ESBLs that emerge from these pathogens, CTX-M-type enzymes had the most successful global spread in different epidemiological settings. Latin America presents high prevalence of CTX-M-2 in ESBL-producing enterobacterial infections with local emergence of the CTX-M-1 group.

[Persons living with HIV/AIDS: ethnic and sociocultural differences in Chile].

Background: The association between ethnicity and HIV/AIDS is an emerging and unexplored issue in Chile.

Aim: To determine the profile of patients with HIV/AIDS by ethnicity and socioeconomic factors associated with diagnostic-therapeutic opportunity in the Araucania and Metropolitan regions.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 558 patients from two centers of HIV/AIDS in Chile.