Genome Profiling for Aflatoxin B Resistance in Reveals a Role for the CSM2/SHU Complex in Tolerance of Aflatoxin B-Associated DNA Damage.

Exposure to the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB) strongly correlates with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). P450 enzymes convert AFB into a highly reactive epoxide that forms unstable 8,9-dihydro-8-(7-guanyl)-9-hydroxyaflatoxin B1 (AFB--Gua) DNA adducts, which convert to stable mutagenic AFB formamidopyrimidine (FAPY) DNA adducts. In CYP1A2-expressing budding yeast, AFB is a weak mutagen but a potent recombinagen.

An in vitro system for measuring genotoxicity mediated by human CYP3A4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

P450 activity is required to metabolically activate many chemical carcinogens, rendering them highly genotoxic. CYP3A4 is the most abundantly expressed P450 enzyme in the liver, accounting for most drug metabolism and constituting 50% of all hepatic P450 activity. CYP3A4 is also expressed in extrahepatic tissues, including the intestine.

CYP1A1 I462V polymorphism is associated with reduced genotoxicity in yeast despite positive association with increased cancer risk.

CYP1A1 functions in detoxifying xenobiotics but occasionally converts compounds into potent genotoxins. CYP1A1 activates polyaromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzo[a]pyrene 7,8 dihydrodiol (BaP-DHD), rendering them genotoxic. Particular alleles of CYP1A1, such as CYP1A1 I462V have been correlated with a higher incidence of breast and lung cancer, but it is unknown whether these variants express enzymes in vivo that are more potent in generating genotoxins.

Internal jugular vein pyogenic capillary hemangioma: a case report.

Internal jugular vein hemangioma, also called pyogenic granuloma, is a rare tumor. Such a neoformation was accidentally discovered and excised in a middle-aged man. Histologic and immunohistochemical investigations were performed, and this case is compared with the poor amount of similar ones described in the literature.

Translation-priming effects on tip-of-the-tongue states.

Bilinguals experience more tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) states than monolinguals, but it is not known if this is caused in part by access of representations from both of bilinguals' languages, or . In two translation priming experiments, bilinguals were given three Spanish primes and produced either semantically (Experiment 1) or phonologically related Spanish words (Experiment 2) to each. They then named a picture in English.