Human insulin induces a higher glucagon response to induced hypoglycemia in short normal children, compared to porcine insulin.

After transfer of diabetic patients from porcine to human insulin, many reports emerged supporting an increased hypoglycemia unawareness. Several studies were then undertaken in both diabetic and healthy adults to investigate counterregulatory hormone responses to both porcine and human insulin-induced hypoglycemia as a possible underlying cause for this different hypoglycemia awareness. Most studies demonstrated similar neuroendocrine responses to both insulin species in adults.

Plasma 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide in normal children and in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

Monitoring therapy for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase is difficult, although plasma determinations of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP), delta 4-androstenedione (delta 4A) and testosterone are helpful. We have studied the usefulness of monitoring plasma 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide (3 alpha-AG) in group of 24 CAH patients aged from birth to 18 years. For comparison, normal values for age and pubertal stage were determined in a control group of 115 girls and 118 boys.

Chronic administration of neuropeptide Y into the lateral ventricle inhibits both the pituitary-testicular axis and growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I secretion in intact adult male rats.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is known to be involved in the central regulation of appetite, sexual behavior, and reproductive function. Whereas central administration of NPY strongly stimulates feeding in satiated animals, diet restriction or other unfavorable metabolic situations, such as diabetes, produce enhanced NPY gene expression and NPY release in the hypothalamus. Numerous studies have indicated that acute central administration of NPY results in various actions on LH secretion in the rat, either stimulatory or inhibitory.

Neuropeptide Y administered chronically into the lateral ventricle profoundly inhibits both the gonadotropic and the somatotropic axis in intact adult female rats.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is known to be involved in the central regulation of appetite, sexual behavior, and reproductive functions. Whereas central administration of NPY strongly stimulates feeding in satiated animals, diet restriction produces overexpression of NPY in the arcuate and paraventricular nuclei that might reflect behavioral adaptations to shortage of food. Previous studies indicated that central administration of NPY resulted in controversial actions on LH secretion, either stimulatory or inhibitory.

Early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: report of two siblings.

Two siblings are reported who were symptomatic in the neonatal period. The first died suddenly at 4 days of age after regurgitating a meal. The postmortem examination showed steatosis of the liver, kidney and muscle.