Rational design of a SOCS1-edited tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy using CRISPR/Cas9 screens.

Cell therapies such as tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy have shown promise in the treatment of patients with refractory solid tumors, with improvement in response rates and durability of responses nevertheless sought. To identify targets capable of enhancing the antitumor activity of T cell therapies, large-scale in vitro and in vivo clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 screens were performed, with the SOCS1 gene identified as a top T cell-enhancing target. In murine CD8+ T cell-therapy models, SOCS1 served as a critical checkpoint in restraining the accumulation of central memory T cells in lymphoid organs as well as intermediate (Texint) and effector (Texeff) exhausted T cell subsets derived from progenitor exhausted T cells (Texprog) in tumors.

Structure and Glycan Binding of a New Cyanovirin-N Homolog.

The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 is heavily glycosylated and bears numerous high mannose sugars. These sugars can serve as targets for HIV-inactivating compounds, such as antibodies and lectins, which bind to the glycans and interfere with viral entry into the target cell. We determined the 1.

Focused Vascular Ultrasound for the Assessment of Atherosclerosis: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background: Current decisions to refer for angiographic coronary assessment are based on pain character, risk scores, stress testing, and occasionally calcium scoring. Carotid plaque has emerged as an effective vascular biomarker, but the cost and time of a full carotid ultrasound examination are disadvantageous. Focused vascular ultrasound (FOVUS) is a rapid limited assessment of carotid plaque that can be conducted by non-vascular-trained operators.

Batch variations.

One of the basic principles in the investigation of suspected contact dermatitis is always to test with the patient's "own" product or chemical, the one to which he or she was actually exposed. An equally basic second principle is not to rely solely on a positive test reaction. The author discusses a case of contact dermatitis involving only certain batches of a particular branded product.