Vertical and horizontal variabilities of ammonia in an agricultural area of Southeast China.

Ammonia (NH) plays a crucial role in the global nitrogen cycle, the increased NH emissions from agricultural activities impacting air, soil, water quality, and human health. Accurately estimating both the vertical and horizontal transport distances of NH are important for effective pollution control. Therefore, we used a helium-filled balloon mounted sampler to analyze the vertical profiles of NH emissions and their seasonal variations in an agricultural area of southeast China.

A dataset for N natural abundance of soil ammonia volatilization.

Investigating the sources of ammonia (NH) in the atmosphere and the contribution of each source is essential for environmental pollution control. The presented dataset aims to provide N natural abundance (δN) data collected from different controlled treatments to fill the knowledge gap between insufficient data of soil δN-NH and accurately identifying atmospheric NH source apportionments. Our results showed that the overall δN-NH values emitted from soil ranged from -46.

Effects of high-definition tDCS targeting individual motor hotspot with EMG-driven robotic hand training on upper extremity motor function: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Delivering HD-tDCS on individual motor hotspot with optimal electric fields could overcome challenges of stroke heterogeneity, potentially facilitating neural activation and improving motor function for stroke survivors. However, the intervention effect of this personalized HD-tDCS has not been explored on post-stroke motor recovery. In this study, we aim to evaluate whether targeting individual motor hotspot with HD-tDCS followed by EMG-driven robotic hand training could further facilitate the upper extremity motor function for chronic stroke survivors.

Development and External Validation of a Motor Intention-Integrated Prediction Model for Upper Extremity Motor Recovery After Intention-Driven Robotic Hand Training for Chronic Stroke.

Objective: To derive and validate a prediction model for minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) in upper extremity (UE) motor function after intention-driven robotic hand training using residual voluntary electromyography (EMG) signals from affected UE.

Design: A prospective longitudinal multicenter cohort study. We collected preintervention candidate predictors: demographics, clinical characteristics, Fugl-Meyer assessment of UE (FMAUE), Action Research Arm Test scores, and motor intention of flexor digitorum and extensor digitorum (ED) measured by EMG during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC).

Medial Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Reduces Retrieval-Induced Forgetting via Fronto-parietal Beta Desynchronization.

The act of recalling memories can paradoxically lead to the forgetting of other associated memories, a phenomenon known as retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). Inhibitory control mechanisms, primarily mediated by the prefrontal cortex, are thought to contribute to RIF. In this study, we examined whether stimulating the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) with transcranial direct current stimulation modulates RIF and investigated the associated electrophysiological correlates.