The Evolution and Ethical Implication of The Physician's Pledge: A Guide for Medical Practitioners.

Healthcare started as a one-man business where only the doctor received, reviewed, diagnosed, prescribed, dispensed the treatment, and nursed the patient. There was no regulation, and hence society relied solely on the doctor's morals for appropriate treatment, professional handling of patients, and confidentiality. The doctor was highly regarded in society and was close to royalty.

Effect of Sickle Cell Trait on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection.

Introduction: Whereas several studies show that homozygous (HbSS) sickle cell disease protects against human immunodeficiency virus infection, it is not clear if human immunodeficiency virus infection is affected by the heterozygous state of the sickle globin gene (HbAS or sickle cell trait).

Objective: To evaluate the effects of sickle cell trait on the prevalence and severity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in a large patient population.

Methods: Hemoglobin genotype was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 1,226 HIV-1 patients in Nigeria.

SARS CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Selected States of High and Low Disease Burden in Nigeria.

Importance: The global impact of COVID-19 has led to an increased need to continuously assess disease surveillance tools. The utility of SARS-CoV-2 serologic tools in determining immunity levels across different age groups and locations in helping to quickly assess the burden of COVID-19 with significant health policy implications is unknown.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with respect to the age group and sex of participants.

Serum Immunoglobulin E and Vitamin D Levels in Asthma Patients in Enugu, Nigeria: Association with Asthma Control.

Background: Asthma symptoms are often mediated by changes in immune responses to allergens measured by the levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-protein regulators such as 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25 (OH) vitamin D3). The relationship between serum levels of IgE, 25 (OH) Vitamin D3, and asthma control in asthma patients remains unclear.

Objective: To measure the serum IgE and 25 (OH) vitamin D3 levels in asthma patients and determine their relationship with patient's asthma control.

Physical and socioeconomic impact of asthma in Nigeria: Experience of patients attending three tertiary hospitals.

Background: Understanding the impact of asthma is the key to optimal care.

Objective: To determine the physical, economic, and social impact of asthma from the perspectives of individual patients in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a multicenter study of 172 adult asthma patients attending tertiary hospitals.