Medicaid‑Insured Children with Medical Complexity in a Rural State.

Objectives: To describe children with medical complexity (CMC) in Montana according to their clinical characteristics, rurality and distance from specialty care, and to assess for disparities in geographic access to specialty care for American Indian children.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study we categorized children in 2016-2021 Montana Medicaid claims data using the Pediatric Medical Complexity Algorithm and compared the associations of medical complexity and demographic traits using Chi-squared tests. Using a database of providers we calculated drive times from children's residences to the nearest pediatric subspecialist and calculated bootstrap confidence intervals for the difference in median driving distances by complexity and race.

Phase Ib clinical and pharmacodynamic study of the TIE2 kinase inhibitor rebastinib with paclitaxel or eribulin in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: Breast cancer cells disseminate to distant sites via Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis (TMEM) doorways. The TIE2 inhibitor rebastinib blocks TMEM doorway function in the PyMT mouse model of breast cancer. We aimed to assess the safety and pharmacodynamics of rebastinib plus paclitaxel or eribulin in patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

How auditory neurons count temporal intervals and decode information.

The numerical sense of animals includes identifying the numerosity of a sequence of events that occur with specific intervals, e.g., notes in a call or bar of music.

Impacts of wildfire-season air quality on park and playground visitation in the Northwest United States.

A significant cost of wildfires is the exposure of local and regional populations to air pollution from smoke, which can travel hundreds of miles from the source fire and is associated with significant negative health consequences. Wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity in the United States, driven by historic fire management approaches and global climate change. These influences will take many decades or longer to reverse, so the main opportunities for mitigating health effects involve minimizing human exposure through changes in behavior or infrastructure.

An assessment of the mediating role of hypertension in the effect of long-term air pollution exposure on dementia.

Background: Growing evidence links air pollution exposure to the risk of dementia. We hypothesized that hypertension may partially mediate this effect.

Methods: We previously documented an association between air pollution and dementia in the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 3069 adults ≥75 years across four US sites who were evaluated for dementia every 6 months from 2000-2008.