Publications by authors named "C C Goodnow"
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) has greatly diminished the neutralizing activity of previously FDA-approved monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), including that of antibody cocktails and of first-generation broadly neutralizing antibodies such as S309 (Sotrovimab). In contrast, antibodies targeting cryptic conformational epitopes of the receptor binding domain (RBD) have demonstrated broad activity against emerging variants, but exert only moderate neutralizing activity, which has so far hindered clinical development. Here, we utilize in vitro display technology to identify and affinity-mature antibodies targeting the cryptic class 6 epitope, accessible only in the "up" conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer.
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- Researchers studied mutations in a gene that affects a key protein involved in cell signaling, which is linked to severe health issues like impaired immunity in patients.
- The mutations were found to disrupt normal cell behavior by promoting excessive cell growth and responses to immune signals, specifically T cell receptor stimulation.
- The mutant protein was shown to interfere with a regulatory protein, leading to heightened activity of important signaling pathways that contribute to cell growth and survival.
Peripheral CD8 T cell tolerance is a checkpoint in both autoimmune disease and anti-cancer immunity. Despite its importance, the relationship between tolerance-induced states and other CD8 T cell differentiation states remains unclear. Using flow cytometric phenotyping, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and chromatin accessibility profiling, we demonstrated that in vivo peripheral tolerance to a self-antigen triggered a fundamentally distinct differentiation state separate from exhaustion, memory, and functional effector cells but analogous to cells defectively primed against tumors.
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- CD4+ T cells are crucial for the immune system, but their exact function is not fully understood, particularly the role of the CD4 protein itself.
- Researchers studied seven patients with a rare genetic condition causing CD4 deficiency, leading to various infections, and found that these individuals lacked CD4+ T cells but had alternative T cell populations that could still mount immune responses.
- While the patients showed compensatory immune responses against many pathogens, CD4 remains essential for protection against specific infections like human papillomavirus and Whipple's disease.
The expanding number of rare immunodeficiency syndromes offers an opportunity to understand key genes that support immune defense against infectious diseases. However, analysis of these in patients is complicated by their treatments and comorbid infections, requiring the use of mouse models for detailed investigations. We developed a mouse model of DOCK2 immunodeficiency and herein demonstrate that these mice have delayed clearance of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections.
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