Tailored Management with Highly-Selective Diversion for Low Colorectal Anastomosis: Biochemical Postoperative Follow-Up and Long-Term Results from a Single-Institution Cohort.

Background: Defunctioning stoma (DS) can decrease the rate of symptomatic anastomotic leakage (AL). Since 2010, we have used tailored, highly selective DS management for low colorectal anastomosis (LCRA).

Methods: In total, 433 rectal cancer patients underwent the same standardized procedure.

Insulin treatment stimulates the rat melanin-concentrating hormone-producing neurons.

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is involved in the regulation of body colour in teleost fish. A peptide highly homologous to salmon MCH has been found in the rat brain, but its physiological functions have not yet been precisely defined. The location of MCH neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LHT) of the rat suggests possible implication in feeding behaviour.

Activation of the rat melanin-concentrating hormone neurons by ventromedial hypothalamic lesions.

The occurrence of a melanin-concentrating hormone-like peptide (MCH) was previously reported in the lateral hypothalamus of the rat. The sequence of this peptide was determined but its role as well as its regulation remain unclear. In the present study, we examined the effects of minor electrolytic lesions of the ventromedial nuclei (VMN) on MCH neurons by using immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization procedures.

Induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity in rat oxytocin neurons following insulin injections.

Double immunostaining for oxytocin (OT) and Fos was used to study the oxytocinergic system of the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) following intraperitoneal insulin injections. The expression of c-fos in the PVN appeared about 3 h after insulin treatment and was very high after 5 h while no labelling was observed in isotonic saline-injected animals. Twelve to 18% of OT neurons expressed Fos-like immunoreactivity and these activated neurons were found in both the magno- and the parvocellular compartments of the PVN suggesting that the OT neuron responses to insulin induced disturbances are complex and involve hormonal as well as autonomic pathways.

Melanin-concentrating hormone-producing neurons in reptiles.

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-like producing neurons were mapped in the brains of several reptiles using antisera (AS) prepared against salmon MCH (sMCH) and peptides derived from the rat MCH precursor (rMCH, NGE, NEI) or cross-reacting with these peptides (anti-GRF37 and anti-alpha-MSH). MCH neurons were detected in the periventricular and lateral hypothalamic nuclei. The coexpression of MCH-, GRF37- and NEI-like immunoreactivities suggests that the reptile precursor presents large sequence homologies with the rat/human precursor.