Peripheral nerve stimulation under ultrasonographic control to determine the needle-to-nerve relationship.

Objective: To determine the needle-to-nerve distances during electrical nerve location in dogs at different currents and pulse duration using a peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS) under ultrasound control (US), and the minimal electrical thresholds (MET) necessary to obtain a motor response (MR) after achieving needle-to-nerve contact.

Study Design: Prospective in vivo experimental trial in a clinical setting

Animals: Thirty dogs, scheduled for locoregional anaesthesia of the sciatic nerve.

Methods: Needle-to-nerve distance was measured ultrasonographically after obtaining the MR of sciatic nerve with 2, 1 and 0.

Combined measurement of serum albumin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol strongly predicts mortality in frail older nursing-home residents.

Background And Aims: The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that a combined measurement of albumin and HDL-C might predict total mortality in institutionalized frail older residents.

Methods: Participants were 344 older subjects (272 F, 72 M), living in the "Istituto Riposo Anziani" (I.R.

Body mass index, body cell mass, and 4-year all-cause mortality risk in older nursing home residents.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between body composition (assessed using body mass index (BMI) and body cell mass (BCM)) and all-cause mortality in a sample of older nursing home residents.

Design: Prospective study with a median follow-up period of 3.5 years.

Relationship between evoked motor response and sensory paresthesia in interscalene brachial plexus block.

Background And Objectives: This study sought to define the relationship between a paresthesia and a motor response (MR) to electrical nerve stimulation using a peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS) during interscalene block. We sought to determine if at a low amperage (< or =1.0 mA) a MR would precede a paresthesia.