Research ethics and indigenous communities.

Institutional review boards (IRBs) function to regulate research for the protection of human participants. We share lessons learned from the development of an intertribal IRB in the Rocky Mountain/Great Plains Tribal region of the United States. We describe the process through which a consortium of Tribes collaboratively developed an intertribal board to promote community-level protection and participation in the research process.

A murine model of cow's milk protein-induced allergic reaction: use for safety assessment of hidden milk allergens.

Background: Masked allergens in processed food products can lead to severe allergic reactions following unintentional ingestion. We sought to develop a murine model for the detection of hidden cow's milk proteins (CMP). This study aimed to induce cow's milk allergy in mice, to characterize the anaphylaxis induced by CMP in this model, and to validate its reliability using three margarines manufactured with (A) or without (B, C) milk, sharing the same production line.

A single oral sensitization to peanut without adjuvant leads to anaphylaxis in mice.

Background: A model of peanut food allergy has been developed in mice using a simple sensitization protocol leading to a quantitatively measurable allergic response.

Methods: C3H/HeJ mice received a single intragastric administration of whole peanut (80 mg) without adjuvant. Two weeks later, intraperitoneal challenge with peanut extract led to a severe anaphylaxis.

Isolated infundibuloarterial inversion (S,D,I): a newly recognized form of congenital heart disease.

A newly recognized form of congenital heart disease is presented that is characterized by viscero-atrial situs solitus (S), D-loop ventricles (D), and inverted normally related great arteries (I), the segmental combination being (S,D,I). This anomaly may be called isolated infundibuloarterial inversion because only the subsemilunar infundibulum and the great arteries are inverted, whereas the atrial and the ventricles are not. All three patients had atrioventricular concordance, ventriculoatrial concordance, dextrocardia, superoinferior ventricles, crisscross atrioventricular relations, underdevelopment of the right ventricle, a large ventricular septal defect, and an inverted tetralogy of Fallot type of malformation of the infundibulum and great arteries.

Stenosis of individual pulmonary veins: radiologic findings.

Congenital stenosis of individual pulmonary veins is uncommon. Of the 49 cases reported, four were seen at the IWK Hospital for Children and are reported here. Plain radiographs show a shift of the heart toward the side of major involvement, Kerley B lines, fluid in the fissures, and interstitial edema of the affected lobes.