Resistance to type 1 interferons is a major determinant of HIV-1 transmission fitness.

Sexual transmission of HIV-1 is an inefficient process, with only one or few variants of the donor quasispecies establishing the new infection. A critical, and as yet unresolved, question is whether the mucosal bottleneck selects for viruses with increased transmission fitness. Here, we characterized 300 limiting dilution-derived virus isolates from the plasma, and in some instances genital secretions, of eight HIV-1 donor and recipient pairs.

Placental isoferritin measured by a specific monoclonal antibody as a predictive marker for preterm contraction outcome.

The serum levels of placental isoferritin and normal ferritin in 25 women with preterm contractions (mean +/- SE gestational age 28.8 +/- 4.7 weeks) were compared with those in 14 control women with uncomplicated pregnancies (29.

Placental isoferritin: a new serum marker in toxemia of pregnancy.

The serum concentrations of placental isoferritin and normal ferritin were determined in 20 patients with preeclamptic toxemia of pregnancy and were compared with the level measured in normal pregnant women at the third trimester and in labor at term. The mean serum concentration of placental isoferritin for the women with preeclamptic toxemia was found to be low: 7.5 +/- 23 U/ml compared with 81.

Total estradiol and progesterone receptor levels and DNA concentrations in human endometrium with nonuniform postovulatory delay of maturation.

Total estradiol and progesterone receptor levels and DNA concentrations were measured in endometria of four women with nonuniform postovulatory delayed maturation of the epithelium. All four women underwent curettage on Days 21 to 23 of their cycle. The results in these women were compared with results obtained from a control group of women with histologically normal cyclic endometrium.

Hereditary protein C deficiency during pregnancy.

Hereditary protein C, a primary hypercoagulable state, has not been previously associated with preeclamptic toxemia. A woman with previous preeclamptic toxemia and fetal deaths presented with recurrent deep vein thrombosis during her third pregnancy. Hereditary protein C was diagnosed but full heparinization followed by low-dose heparin failed to prevent preeclamptic toxemia.