Unravelling the Encapsulation of DNA and Other Biomolecules in HAp Microcalcifications of Human Breast Cancer Tissues by Raman Imaging.

Microcalcifications are detected through mammography screening and, depending on their morphology and distribution (BI-RADS classification), they can be considered one of the first indicators of suspicious cancer lesions. However, the formation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) calcifications and their relationship with malignancy remains unknown. In this work, we report the most detailed three-dimensional biochemical analysis of breast cancer microcalcifications to date, combining 3D Raman spectroscopy imaging and advanced multivariate analysis in order to investigate in depth the molecular composition of HAp calcifications found in 26 breast cancer tissue biopsies.

Review on the photonic techniques suitable for automatic monitoring of the composition of multi-materials wastes in view of their posterior recycling.

In the increasingly pressing context of improving recycling, optical technologies present a broad potential to support the adequate sorting of plastics. Nevertheless, the commercially available solutions (for example, employing near-infrared spectroscopy) generally focus on identifying mono-materials of a few selected types which currently have a market-interest as secondary materials. Current progress in photonic sciences together with advanced data analysis, such as artificial intelligence, enable bridging practical challenges previously not feasible, for example in terms of classifying more complex materials.

Comparability of Raman Spectroscopic Configurations: A Large Scale Cross-Laboratory Study.

The variable configuration of Raman spectroscopic platforms is one of the major obstacles in establishing Raman spectroscopy as a valuable physicochemical method within real-world scenarios such as clinical diagnostics. For such real world applications like diagnostic classification, the models should ideally be usable to predict data from different setups. Whether it is done by training a rugged model with data from many setups or by a primary-replica strategy where models are developed on a 'primary' setup and the test data are generated on 'replicate' setups, this is only possible if the Raman spectra from different setups are consistent, reproducible, and comparable.

Application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics for the discrimination of human bone remains from different archaeological sites in Turkey.

Examining diagenetic parameters such as the organic carbonate contents and the crystallinity of bone apatite quantify the post-mortem alteration of bone. Burial conditions are one of the factors that can influence the diagenesis process. We studied the changes to the organic and mineral components and crystallinity of human bone remains from five Medieval sites in Turkey: Hakemi Use, Komana, İznik, Oluz Höyük and Tasmasor using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and principal component analysis (PCA).

Sensitive Raman detection of human recombinant interleukin-6 mediated by DCDR/GERS hybrid platforms.

Recombinant human interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key cytokine that plays an important role in the immune system and inflammatory response, explaining why any modification of its concentration in biological fluids is considered a signal of a pathological condition. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative, highly sensitive and reliable analytical methodologies to detect and identify this analyte in biological fluids. Herein, we present a proof of concept for the development of a new analytical hybrid platform for IL-6 detection that is based on the combination of drop-coating deposition Raman (DCDR) spectroscopy and graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (GERS) effects.