A Brain Ischemia-Reperfusion Model for the Study of Tau Phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation.

Cerebral ischemia produces a decrease, loss, or instability of the assembly processes in the neuronal cytoskeleton, related to the alteration in the normal processes of phosphorylation of the Tau protein, triggering its hyperphosphorylation and altering the normal processes of formation of neuronal microtubules. Here we describe the methods used to study the impact of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) on neurological functions and Tau phosphorylation in Wistar rat brain.

Regulation of Tau protein phosphorylation by glucosamine-induced O-GlcNAcylation as a neuroprotective mechanism in a brain ischemia-reperfusion model.

Tau hyperphosphorylation is a modification frequently observed after brain ischemia which has been related to the aggregation of this protein, with subsequent cytoskeletal damage, and cellular toxicity. The present study tests the hypothesis of using glucosamine, an agent that increases protein O-GlcNAcylation, to decrease the levels of phosphorylation in Tau during ischemia-reperfusion. Transient focal ischemia was artificially induced in male Wistar rats by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) with an intraluminal monofilament.

Depressive Disorder, Anxiety Disorder and Chronic Pain: Multiple Manifestations of a Common Clinical and Pathophysiological Core.

Introduction: A high proportion of depressive disorders are accompanied by anxious manifestations, just as depression and anxiety often present with many painful manifestations, or conversely, painful manifestations cause or worsen depressive and anxious expressions. There is increasingly more evidence of the pathophysiological, and neurophysiological and technical imaging similarity of pain and depression.

Methods: Narrative review of the pathophysiological and clinical aspects of depression and chronic pain comorbidity.

Effects of dobutamine on intestinal microvascular blood flow heterogeneity and O extraction during septic shock.

Derangements of microvascular blood flow distribution might contribute to disturbing O extraction by peripheral tissues. We evaluated the dynamic relationships between the mesenteric O extraction ratio ([Formula: see text]) and the heterogeneity of microvascular blood flow at the gut and sublingual mucosa during the development and resuscitation of septic shock in a swine model of fecal peritonitis. Jejunal-villi and sublingual microcirculation were evaluated using a portable intravital-microscopy technique.

Assessment transcallosal Diaschisis in a model of focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

Objective: To evaluate transcallosal changes after a local ischemic injury in rats by using the monoclonal marker anti-NeuN (Mouse anti-neuronal nuclei).

Methods: Twenty-eight adult, male, Wistar rats were subjected to focal injury in the right hemisphere. The technique used was the experimental model of focal ischemic injury through intraluminal suture of the middle cerebral artery.