Surgical Tips: Managing the Orthopedic Traction Table on Gritti-Stokes Amputated Patients.

Introduction: Closed anatomical reduction of per-trochanteric fractures requires 3-axis control of the orthopedic traction table (OTT) which is challenging in patients having suffered a previous ipsilateral Gritti-Stokes amputation.

Case Report: A 52-year-old man, known by Gritti-Stokes amputated (GSA) 10 years before, was admitted to our trauma center after a fall from his height. We describe a simple method for positioning a previously ipsilateral GSA patient in an OTT to reduce displaced a femoral per-trochanteric fracture site and to maintain it during surgery.

Optimization of embryonic thermal programming confirms increased liver fattening in mule ducks and changes in lipid metabolism.

The embryonic thermal programming (TM) in birds has been shown to impact several physiological parameters such as resistance to thermal stress, muscle growth or immunity. In mule ducks, it has recently been shown that TM can induce metabolic programming resulting in increased liver weight and fat storage after overfeeding. However, a decrease in hatchability and quality was also observed, suggesting that this technique needs to be optimized.

Fasting/refeeding: an experimental model to study the impact of early thermal manipulation on hepatic metabolism in mule ducks.

An increase in egg incubation temperature was previously shown to enhance the metabolism of mule ducks and increase liver fattening after overfeeding, through a metabolic programming mechanism. Here, we examined whether fasting (F) followed by refeeding (RF) in 11-wk-old mule ducks could become an accelerated model to study the mechanisms of metabolic programming following embryonic thermal manipulation. This study investigated the hepatic response of mule ducks subjected to 23 h of fasting and 1 h of refeeding, in control or thermally programmed animals (with an increase of 1°C, 16 h per day from to of embryogenesis).

Identification of different critical embryonic periods to modify egg incubation temperature in mule ducks.

Egg incubation of mule ducks, mainly used for fatty liver production, is one of the critical phases in this sector. Based on hatching rate, the best incubation parameters have already been well described for poultry, but the literature on ducks is lacking. In this study, we tested different incubation conditions by varying two important factors, temperature and relative humidity, in mule ducks.

Impacts of Embryonic Thermal Programming on the Expression of Genes Involved in Production in Mule Ducks.

Embryonic thermal programming has been shown to improve production in overfed mule ducks. However, the mechanisms at the origin of this programming have not yet been characterized. In this study, we investigated the effect of embryonic thermal manipulation (+1°C, 16 h/24 h from embryonic (E) day 13 to E27) on the hepatic expression of genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms, stress, cell proliferation and thyroid hormone pathways at the end of thermal manipulation and before and after overfeeding (OF) in mule ducks.