Objectives: To estimate the direct healthcare costs related to outpatient care and hospital stays for adults with epilepsy in the context of the Colombian healthcare system.
Methods: A cost analysis was conducted from a base case, which included direct medical costs related to diagnosis, follow-up, pharmacological and surgical treatment, and in-hospital care for status epilepticus. A Delphi panel was carried out to identify and quantify cost-generating events.
Polyphosphates are biopolymers composed of phosphate monomers linked by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds. They are present across all life domains, serving as a source of energy, metal chelators, and playing a crucial role in stress defense. In , polyphosphates also function as inorganic molecular chaperones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This review aims to evaluate several convolutional neural network (CNN) models applied to breast cancer detection, to identify and categorize CNN variants in recent studies, and to analyze their specific strengths, limitations, and challenges.
Methods: Using PRISMA methodology, this review examines studies that focus on deep learning techniques, specifically CNN, for breast cancer detection. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies from the past five years, with duplicates and those unrelated to breast cancer excluded.
Introduction: During aging, many cellular processes, such as autophagic clearance, DNA repair, mitochondrial health, metabolism, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, and immunological responses, become compromised. Urolithin A (UA) and Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) are two naturally occurring compounds known for their anti-inflammatory and mitochondrial protective properties, yet the effects of these natural substances on microglia cells have not been thoroughly investigated. As both UA and NR are considered safe dietary supplements, it is equally important to understand their function in normal cells and in disease states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) constitute a specific type of cyber-physical system that utilize electronic, mechanical, and software components. A component-based approach can address the development complexities of these systems through composable and reusable components and their integration, simplifying the development process and contributing to a more systematic, disciplined, and measurable engineering approach. In this article, we propose an architecture to design and describe the optimal performance of components for an AUV engineering process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF