Publications by authors named "C A WINKEL"

Multispecific antibodies are engineered antibody derivatives that can bind to two or more distinct epitopes or antigens. Unlike mixtures of monospecific antibodies, the binding properties of multispecific antibodies enable two specific molecules to be physically linked, a characteristic with important applications in cancer therapy. The field of multispecific antibodies is highly dynamic and expanding rapidly; to date, 15 multispecific antibodies have been approved for clinical use, of which 11 were approved for oncological indications, and more than 100 new antibodies are currently in clinical development.

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This paper contributes to the Covid-19 literature by exploring the concept of post-traumatic growth (PTG) utilizing a mixed methods approach. The study examines to what extent the participants experienced positive growth and renewal arising from the prolonged period of lockdowns and emergency online learning. Exploring the experiences of 552 female undergraduate students in a private Saudi Arabian university, an online survey was utilized to gather the data.

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Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a major human pathogen for which there is no licensed vaccine. To protect against infection, a strong systemic and mucosal immune response is likely to be necessary to prevent initial colonization and any events that might lead to invasive disease. A broad immune response will be necessary to target the varied GAS serotypes and disease presentations.

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This paper endeavors to portray the narratives of a group of female undergraduate students, in Saudi Arabia, studying during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collection occurred in March 2021, at which time students had been in online classes for a year and had experienced several curfews as well as a total lockdown. Students answered open-ended questions and wrote a reflection about how they experienced the pandemic.

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Background: Early detection and correction of low fluoroquinolone exposure may improve treatment of MDR-TB.

Objectives: To explore a recently developed portable, battery-powered, UV spectrophotometer for measuring levofloxacin in saliva of people treated for MDR-TB.

Methods: Patients treated with levofloxacin as part of a regimen for MDR-TB in Northern Tanzania had serum and saliva collected concurrently at 1 and 4 h after 2 weeks of observed levofloxacin administration.

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