[Factors associated with atelectasis following extubation in very low weight premature newborns].

Background: Atelectasis is a decrease of lung volume caused by airway obstruction or pressure on the external part of the lung. It is common after surgery and extubation. The purpose of this investigation was to determine factors related with alectasis following extubation in preterm neonates with a weight under 1250 g who were referred to a neonatal intensive care unit.

[Associated factors with complications of the use of parenteral nutrition in premature infants].

Introduction: Associated factors with complications of the parenteral nutrition (PN) in the preterm infant have not been well studied and there are some controversies in the literature.

Objective: To identify associated factors with complications of the use of PN in preterm patients Neonatalogy Service.

Material And Methods: We performed a longitudinal, observational, retrospective, comparative study (case-control) from January 2008 to December 2010, of the infants who received PN support covering the inclusion criteria (newborns 28 to 36 weeks gestational age from 0 to 28 days after birth, who received PN for at least 6 days).

[An index internal diameter ductus arteriosus/body surface area as a need for closure of duct in the preterm newborn].

Objective: To determine a rate of internal diameter (ID), the narrowest of ductus arteriosus (DA)/body surface area (BSA) in preterm newborns (PTNB) for need for closure of DA either medically or surgically.

Material And Methods: Prospective (cohort), held in a Neonatology Service in February 2010 to January 2011. Inclusion criteria were PTNB from 28 to 36 weeks of gestation from 0 to 28 days after birth, which confirmed diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) by echocardiogram, taking the narrowest ID, who did not present heart complex congenital or other major malformations in other systems without pulmonary arterial hypertension, that had not received drug treatment with prostaglandin inhibitors to close the DA.

[Mechanical ventilation parameters associated to barotrauma in a neonatal intensive care unit].

Objective: To identify the parameters of mechanical ventilation related to barotrauma and to identify associated diseases.

Material And Methods: There was a partial retrospective study which included all the files and/or newborns (NB) who were in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during March 2003 to April 2008 met the inclusion criteria. Two groups were conformed, the group A, cases (those with barotrauma) and B controls (that did not show it).