Gastrointestinal symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A review of the literature on ascertainment and prevalence.

Unlabelled: There is no standard approach to measuring GI symptoms in individuals with ASD, despite postulated interactions. The objectives of this study were to (a) describe the range of GI symptom ascertainment approaches in studies of ASD, (b) describe the range of prevalence estimates across studies, and (c) assess associations between ascertainment approach and prevalence estimates. Studies published from 1/1/1980 to 1/31/2017 were collected via PubMed.

The impact of role models on medical students.

Objective: To explore the relationship between exposure to clinical role models during medical school and the students' choice of clinical field for residency training, and to estimate the strength of this association.

Design: Cross-section study.

Setting: McGill University School of Medicine, Montreal, Canada.

Prospective study of occupational asthma to laboratory animal allergens: stability of airway responsiveness to methacholine challenge for one year.

The stability of airway hyperresponsiveness was studied in a group of 178 young adults working with laboratory animals. At the time of their entry into the study, 132 of 178 subjects (74%) had less than 20% response to the inhalation of 25 mg/ml methacholine, whereas 26 (15%) had a methacholine dose causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second after fewer than 80 breath units. The distribution of methacholine responsiveness did not differ at 6 months and 1 year; 155 of 178 volunteers (90.

Risk factors for increased airway responsiveness to methacholine challenge among laboratory animal workers.

As a first step in a prospective study of the incidence of asthma to laboratory animals, a group of 364 adults 18 to 48 yr of age who were beginning employment with laboratory animals were evaluated in terms of their past history, health status, allergy, and airway responsiveness to methacholine. At entry to the study, 269 had previous occupational contact with animals, 109 had chest symptoms in the previous year, 168 had a history of allergic symptoms to laboratory animals (any with asthmatic responses were systematically excluded), and 118 had positive immediate skin tests (29 had positive skin tests to laboratory animals). When defined as a PD20FEV1 of 80 breath units or less, 18.

Task-related variation in airborne concentrations of laboratory animal allergens: studies with Rat n I.

To define airborne allergen exposure during various tasks with rats in a laboratory, concentrations of allergen Rat n I were measured by radioimmunoassay in extracts from filters in personal air sampling devices that were worn by laboratory workers while they were performing these tasks. The tasks included feeding, cage cleaning, handling, injection, surgery, and sacrifice. Median concentrations encountered during feeding or cleaning (21 ng/m3) and injection or handling (13 ng/m3) were higher than those associated with surgery or sacrifice (3.