Advantages of nonionic contrast agents in adult urography.

Nonionic radiographic contrast agents have a reported advantage of decreased contrast osmolality. Before clinical significance can be attributed to this lower osmolality, an observed difference must be documented. In a randomized double-blind study with 55 patients, Iohexol, a new nonionic contrast agent, is compared with Renografin 60 for use in adult urography.

Palpable breast masses: evaluation by high frequency, hand-held real-time sonography and xeromammography. Work in progress.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic virtues and limitations of the combined use of high frequency, real-time ultrasound scanning (US) using hand-held transducers and xeromammography (XM) in the evaluation of palpable breast masses. Seventy-one patients, who ranged in age from 14 to 88 years and who had histologically proved masses, were examined by both imaging modalities. US demonstrated the highest degree of accuracy in establishing the presence of cysts (96%) and fibroadenomas (89%).

Iohexol for excretory urography: a comparative study.

A new iodinated nonionic contrast agent (Iohexol) was compared to an ionic contrast agent (renografin 60) in a double-blind study. Fifty-five patients with normal renal function were studied for incidence of undesirable side-effects and quality of the resultant excretory urogram. No major adverse reactions occurred.

Renal transplant arterial stenosis: percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

Seven hypertensive patients underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for relief of arterial stenosis complicating renal allotransplantation. Five had end-to-side anastomosis of the donor renal artery to the recipient external iliac artery, and two had end-to-end anastomosis of the donor renal artery to the recipient internal iliac artery. Each patient had developed hypertension (blood pressure greater than 145/95 mm Hg), elevated peripheral venous plasma renin, and six demonstrated decrease in renal function as detected by an increase in serum creatinine at least 2 months after transplantation and without evidence of rejection.

Radiographic appearance of the nonabsorbed (unconjugated) and conjugated sodium tyropanoate (Bilopaque) in the bowel.

A series of abdominal radiographs were taken in eight normal volunteers after the ingestion of sodium tyropanoate (Bilopaque). These showed nonabsorbed sodium tyropanoate to have a granular appearance, while the conjugated form had a smooth homogeneous appearance. The appearance of conjugated sodium tyropanoate in the bowel has the same diagnostic significance as conjugated iopanoic acid in the presence of a nonvisualized gallbladder.