The Mechanism and Inflammatory Markers Involved in the Potential Use of N-acetylcysteine in Chronic Pain Management.

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has established use as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose and treatment for pulmonary conditions and nephropathy. It plays a role in regulating oxidative stress and interacting with various cytokines including IL-1β, TNFα, IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, and NF-κB p65. The overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is believed to contribute to chronic pain states by inducing inflammation and accelerating disease progression, favoring pain persistence in neuropathic and musculoskeletal pain conditions.

Cadence as a Behavioral Target in Physical Activity Interventions: A Narrative Review.

Behavioral interventions targeting moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) to ensure health benefits can be strengthened by a simple metric that helps adults understand if they are exercising at the target intensity. Laboratory studies have established that a cadence of 100 steps/min is equivalent to MVPA, but intervention application is largely unexplored. The aim of this narrative review was to describe how cadence has been implemented in behavioral interventions.

The Mobile lifestyle intervention for food and exercise (mLife) study: Protocol of a remote behavioral weight loss randomized clinical trial for type 2 diabetes prevention.

Background: Emerging research has examined electronic and mobile health (e/mHealth) technologies for weight loss and manage of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but few studies have focused specifically on ways to target social support behaviors that have proven to be effective. While gamifying an mHealth behavioral weight loss intervention holds promise to promote and sustain social support, there has been very little research in this area. The mobile Lifestyle Intervention for Food and Exercise study (mLife) was designed to test if receiving points for social support is an effective way to promote sustained weight loss.

Association between obesogenic environments and childhood overweight/obesity across the United States: Differences by rurality.

Purpose: Childhood obesity is more prevalent in rural compared to urban communities and may be related to urban-rural differences in environmental factors known to affect obesity. However, understanding of how environmental factors impact childhood obesity in rural settings remains limited. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring the relationship between obesogenic environments and childhood overweight/obesity rates, including variations across the urban-rural continuum.

Cardiovascular Disease, Brain Glucose Metabolism, and Neurocognitive Decline in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and neuroinflammation are thought to exacerbate neurocognitive dysfunction in treated people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). Here, we longitudinally measured brain glucose metabolism as a measure of neuronal integrity in treated PWH using [F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in correlation with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) scores, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neuroinflammatory markers, neurocognitive outcomes, and other clinical and laboratory variables (CLVs).

Methods: Well-controlled PWH (n = 36) underwent baseline and follow-up FDG PET/CT obtained 3.