Purpose: This study aimed to demonstrate for the first time the possibility of irradiating biological cells with gray (Gy)-scale doses delivered over single bursts of picosecond-scale electron beams, resulting in unprecedented dose rates of 10 to 10 Gy/s.
Methods And Materials: Cancer stem cells and human skin fibroblasts were irradiated with MeV-scale electron beams from a laser-driven source. Doses up to 3 Gy per pulse with a high spatial uniformity (coefficient of variance, 3%-6%) and within a timescale range of 10 to 20 picoseconds were delivered.
. In the irradiation of living tissue, the fundamental physical processes involved in radical production typically occur on a timescale of a few femtoseconds. A detailed understanding of these phenomena has thus far been limited by the relatively long duration of the radiation sources employed, extending well beyond the timescales for radical generation and evolution.
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