Electroconvulsive therapy generates a hidden wave after seizure.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a fast-acting, highly effective, and safe treatment for medication-resistant depression. Historically, the clinical benefits of ECT have been attributed to generating a controlled seizure; however, the underlying neurobiology is understudied and remains largely unresolved. Using optical neuroimaging to probe neural activity and hemodynamics in a mouse model of ECT, we demonstrated that a second brain event follows seizure: cortical spreading depolarization (CSD).

Emerging treatments for geographic atrophy and the impact on clinical management of age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision impairment in people over 50 years of age and has a great impact on quality of life as it affects central vision. Although there have been treatments available for the neovascular form of late AMD for decades, until now there have not been treatments available for the atrophic form of late AMD - geographic atrophy (GA). Recently, treatments acting on the complement pathway have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, with other jurisdictions such as Australia considering their approval.

Effects of fMRI neurofeedback of right inferior frontal cortex on inhibitory brain activation in children with ADHD.

We aimed to replicate previous effects of functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (fMRI-NF) in right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) on IFC activation during a Stop Task in a larger group of boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present double-blind, randomized controlled trial tested the effects of 15 runs of active versus sham fMRI-NF of rIFC on performance and activation associated with successful and failed inhibition versus Go trials during a tracking Stop task in 88 boys with ADHD (44 active; 44 sham), controlling for age and medication status. No significant group-by-time interaction effects were observed for performance or brain activation during the successful stop trials, and post hoc analysis showed very low numbers of active fMRI-NF learners.

A Second-Generation (44-Channel) Suprachoroidal Retinal Prosthesis: A Single-Arm Clinical Trial of Feasibility.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of a second-generation (44-channel) suprachoroidal retinal prosthesis for provision of functional vision in recipients with end-stage retinitis pigmentosa (RP) over 2.7 years.

Design: Prospective, single-arm, unmasked interventional clinical trial.