A prospective association between dietary folate intake and type 2 diabetes risk among Korean adults aged 40 years or older: the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort (MRCohort) Study.

It has not been well established whether dietary folate intake reduces the risk of diabetes development. We aimed to clarify the prospective association between dietary folate intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk among 7333 Korean adults aged 40 years or older who were included in the Multi-Rural Communities Cohort. Dietary folate intake was estimated from all 106 food items listed on a FFQ, not including folate intake from supplements.

Gene and dietary calcium interaction effects on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.

Background & Aim: Understanding the lifestyle and genetic factors that affect pulse wave velocity (PWV) may provide clues to preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. The aim of this study is to investigate genome-wide genetic and dietary calcium (Ca) intake interaction effects on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).

Methods: The baPWV was measured, and Ca intake was quantified by administering a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to 3198 participants, which included men and women (≥40 years) from the Korean Multi-Rural communities Cohort study (MRCohort).

The cross-sectional relationship between dietary calcium intake and metabolic syndrome among men and women aged 40 or older in rural areas of Korea.

Background/objectives: Studies conducted in Western populations have suggested that dietary calcium may protect against metabolic abnormalities, but there is little evidence of this effect in Asians, who have relatively low calcium intake. We evaluated the cross-sectional relationship between dietary calcium and metabolic syndrome among Korean men and women aged 40 years and over.

Subjects/methods: A total of 6,375 subjects aged 40 years and over and were recruited between January 2005 and February 2010 from the baseline study of the Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study in Rural Communities (MRCohort).

Habitual dietary intake of β-carotene, vitamin C, folate, or vitamin E may interact with single nucleotide polymorphisms on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in healthy adults.

Purpose: The interaction between genetics and diet may explain the present disagreement in the protective role of vitamin intake on cardiovascular disease. We cross-sectionally assessed the interaction of habitual dietary intake of β-carotene, vitamin C, folate, and vitamin E with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), a measure of arterial stiffness.

Methods: Dietary intakes of β-carotene, vitamin C, folate, and vitamin E were quantified by a food frequency questionnaire in 3198 healthy men and women (≥ 40 years) from the Korea Multi-Rural communities Cohort study.

Incidence of and factors for self-reported fragility fractures among middle-aged and elderly women in rural Korea: an 11-year follow-up study.

Objectives: This community-based cohort study was performed to investigate the incidence of and factors related to self-reported fragility fractures among middle-aged and elderly women living in rural Korea.

Methods: The osteoporosis cohort recruited 430 women 40 to 69 years old in 1999, and 396 of these women were followed over 11 years. In 1999, questionnaires from all participants assessed general characteristics, medical history, lifestyle, menstrual and reproductive characteristics, and bone mineral density.

The relationship of dietary sodium, potassium, fruits, and vegetables intake with blood pressure among Korean adults aged 40 and older.

Background/objectives: The inverse relationships of combined fruits and vegetables intake with blood pressure have been reported. However, whether there are such relationships with salty vegetables has rarely been investigated in epidemiologic studies. We evaluated the relation of combined and separate intake of fruits, vegetable intakes, and salty vegetables, as well as sodium and potassium, with blood pressure among the middle-aged and elderly populations.

The effect of vitamin C intake on the risk of hyperuricemia and serum uric acid level in Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between vitamin C intake and risk of hyperuricemia or serum uric acid levels in male and female subjects in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Prospective Cohort.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 9400 subjects enrolled in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study. The risk of hyperuricemia was assessed in five quintiles (Q1 to Q5) according to dietary and total vitamin C intake using multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models.

The effect of coffee, tea, and caffeine consumption on serum uric acid and the risk of hyperuricemia in Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort.

Caffeine, a commonly consumed food constituent, is known to exert beneficial physiological effects in humans. There is a lack of comprehensive population data for the effects of caffeine intake on urate metabolism. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether coffee, tea, and caffeine intake influences serum uric acid and the risk of hyperuricemia in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in East Asian-ancestry populations identifies four new loci for body mass index.

Recent genetic association studies have identified 55 genetic loci associated with obesity or body mass index (BMI). The vast majority, 51 loci, however, were identified in European-ancestry populations. We conducted a meta-analysis of associations between BMI and ∼2.

Self-reported snoring and carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged and older adults: the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study.

Background: We investigated the relation of self-reported snoring with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: In total, 7330 community-dwelling subjects in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study were included in the analysis. Common carotid artery IMT (CCA-IMT) and plaque were evaluated by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography.

Incidence of metabolic syndrome and relative importance of five components as a predictor of metabolic syndrome: 5-year follow-up study in Korea.

The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of metabolic syndrome and to identify five components as metabolic syndrome predictors. The final study included 1,095 subjects enrolled in a rural part of Daegu Metropolitan City, Korea for a cohort study in 2003. Of these, 762 (69.

Higher consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks increases the risk of hyperuricemia in Korean population: The Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study.

Objective: The clinical implication of sugar-sweetened soft drinks on the risk of hyperuricemia has increased, especially in Western population studies. The aim of this study is to clarify the association between sugar-sweetened soft drinks and fruit drinks made from oranges and apples and the risk of hyperuricemia in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort.

Methods: A total of 9400 subjects were enrolled in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study, and a cross-sectional analysis was performed.

Lower zinc bioavailability may be related to higher risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in Korean adults.

Background: There is a proposed link between dietary zinc intake and atherosclerosis, but this relationship remains unclear. Phytate may contribute to this relationship by influencing zinc bioavailability.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between zinc bioavailability and subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy Korean adults.

Self-reported snoring and metabolic syndrome: the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study.

Purpose: We investigated the association between self-reported snoring and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among a community-dwelling Korean population.

Methods: A total of 7,038 subjects participated in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study between January 2005 and February 2010 and were included in the analysis. Frequency of snoring was classified into never, rarely (<1 day/week), occasionally (1-3 days/week), and habitually (≥4 days/week).

The impact of serum uric acid level on arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerosis: the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort study.

Objective: Serum uric acid level has been found to be associated with a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the topic has not been explored in the general population, especially in Korea. This study was designed to determine whether serum uric acid is associated with carotid atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in the Korean Multi-Rural Communities Cohort study.

Trend analysis of diabetic prevalence and incidence in a rural area of South Korea between 2003-2008.

Unlabelled: Aims/Introduction:  This study determined the change in prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes over a period of 5 years in South Korea. The incidence of diabetes and prediabetes and risk factors associated with the development of diabetes were also investigated.

Materials And Methods:   The Dalseong population-based cohort survey recruited 1806 subjects who were over 20-years-old in 2003.

Dietary zinc intake is inversely related to subclinical atherosclerosis measured by carotid intima-media thickness.

The relationship between dietary Zn intake and the risk of atherosclerosis remains unclear, and no epidemiological studies have been reported on the effects of dietary Zn intake on morphological changes in the vascular wall. We examined the relationship between dietary Zn intake and common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis among the middle-aged and elderly populations. A cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort baseline study was performed with 4564 adults aged 40-89 years and free of clinical CVD.

Successful intermittent application of the Pringle maneuver for 30 minutes during human hepatectomy: a clinical randomized study with use of a protease inhibitor.

Background/aims: There is experimental evidence that the liver can safely tolerate a cycle involving application of the Pringle maneuver for 30 minutes each time.

Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients who underwent elective hepatectomy were randomly assigned to two groups of intermittent occlusion (30-min or 15-min Pringle group, n=60 each). A synthetic protease inhibitor (gabexate mesilate, GM, 2 mg/kg/h) was administered to pharmacologically alleviate visceral congestion, accompanied by hepatic pedicle clamping.

Practical experience of a no abdominal drainage policy in patients undergoing liver resection.

Background/aims: Routine use of abdominal drainage after liver resection is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the practical application of a "no abdominal drainage" policy for consecutive patients undergoing hepatic resection.

Methodology: The present trial included 60 consecutive patients who underwent elective hepatic resection.

[Circulatory disease surveillance system in Korea].

The purpose of establishing the circulatory disease surveillance system in Korea is to ensure that the problems of circulatory disease importance are being monitored efficiently and effectively. The goals of circulatory disease surveillance system are to monitor the epidemiological trends of circulatory disease and to evaluate the outcome of health activity for controlling circulatory diseases. Surveillance system are being updated to achieve the needs for the integration of the surveillance and information system, the establishment of data standards, the electronic exchange of data, and changes in the goals of circulatory disease surveillance system to facilitate the response of this system to manage the national health problem effectively.

Evaluation of a protease inhibitor in the prevention of ischemia and reperfusion injury in hepatectomy under intermittent Pringle maneuver.

Background: The severity of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important determinant of patient outcome in hepatic surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a protease inhibitor in alleviating I/R injury to human liver in the setting of hepatectomy under intermittent Pringle maneuver.

Methods: Sixty patients who underwent liver resection under conditions of intermittent inflow occlusion were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 30 each) according to the use of a synthetic protease inhibitor (gabexate mesilate or GM).

[Factors affecting re-smoking in male workers].

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the factors affecting re-smoking in male workers.

Methods: A self-administrated questionnaire survey was conducted during April 2003 to examine the smoking state of 1,154 employees of a company that launched a smoking cessation campaign in 1998. Five hundred and eighty seven persons, who had stopped smoking for at least one week, were selected as the final study subjects.

[The association between serum GGT level within normal range and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases].

Objectives: We conducted this study to examine the association between serum GGT levels within the normal range and the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases

Methods: We examined the cross-sectional association between serum GGT and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), and uric acid among 975 subjects that participated in the health examination of a university hospital located in Daegu city. All the patients' GGT levels were within the normal range.

Results: After adjustment were made for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, drinking frequency, exercise frequency and coffee intake, the serum GGT level was positively associated with fasting blood glucose (p < 0.