Publications by authors named "Byungwook Kim"

Background And Aim: The risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) remains a concern with the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). We evaluated the efficacy of four risk-scoring models (HAS-BLED, ATRIA, VTE-BLEED, and ORBIT) in predicting GIB according to the concomitant use of antiplatelet therapy in DOAC users.

Methods: Patients prescribed DOAC between December 2014 and October 2020 were enrolled in two university-affiliated hospitals.

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Retinal vascular disease is the leading cause of visual impairment. Although intravitreal drug injections are the most suitable approach for addressing retinal disorders, existing clinical treatments necessitate repeated administration, imposing a substantial burden on patients with various intraocular complications. This study introduces an injectable and biodegradable hyaluronan microgel (Hm)-embedded gelatin-poly(ethylene glycol)-tyramine hydrogel (HmGh) designed for sustained intravitreal ranibizumab (RBZ) delivery to reduce patient burden and minimize the side effects associated with frequent injections.

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Article Synopsis
  • Uremia affects drug metabolism, particularly impacting evogliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor metabolized by CYP3A4, in patients with different levels of kidney disease.
  • A study involving 46 subjects identified the pharmacokinetics (PK) of evogliptin using a two-compartment model, highlighting factors like blood amylase and triglyceride levels.
  • The developed pharmacodynamic (PD) model showed evogliptin's significant DPP-4 inhibition and its high potency, suggesting that renal impairment alters the drug's bioavailability.
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The increasing global population has intensified the demand for energy and food, leading to significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from both sectors. To mitigate these impacts and achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), passive thermal storage methods, particularly using phase change materials (PCMs), have become crucial for enhancing energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions across various industries. This paper discusses the state of the art of bio-based phase change materials (bio-PCMs), derived from animal fats and plant oils as sustainable alternatives to traditional paraffin-based PCMs, while addressing the challenges of developing bio-PCMs with suitable phase change properties for practical applications.

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Introduction: Rare variants in ABCA1 increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). ABCA1 facilitates the lipidation of apolipoprotein E (apoE). This study investigated whether microRNA-33 (miR-33)-mediated regulation of this ABCA1-APOE pathway affects phenotypes of an amyloid mouse model.

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Background: The optimal duration of regimens for tailored therapy based on genotypic resistance for clarithromycin has yet to be established.

Aim: This study was a nationwide, multicenter, randomized trial comparing empirical therapy with tailored therapy based on genotypic resistance for first-line eradication of Helicobacter pylori. We also compared the eradication rates of 7- and 14-day regimens for each group.

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Objective: The frequency of small bowel (SB) injuries has increased due to the increased use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or aspirin. This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare drugs effective for SB injuries caused by NSAIDs or aspirin use.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane registries for randomized controlled trials through February 2023.

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Introduction: Inpp5d is genetically associated with Alzheimer's disease risk. Loss of Inpp5d alters amyloid pathology in models of amyloidosis. Inpp5d is expressed predominantly in microglia but its function in brain is poorly understood.

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SPI1 was recently reported as a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in large-scale genome-wide association studies. However, it is unknown whether SPI1 should be downregulated or increased to have therapeutic benefits. To investigate the effect of modulating SPI1 levels on AD pathogenesis, we performed extensive biochemical, histological, and transcriptomic analyses using both Spi1-knockdown and Spi1-overexpression mouse models.

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Article Synopsis
  • Clarithromycin resistance impacts the success of eradicating Helicobacter pylori, prompting a study to assess the MmaxSure™ H. pylori & ClaR Assay for identifying this resistance.
  • The study analyzed 156 gastric biopsy samples and compared the diagnostic abilities of MmaxSure™ with other tests like rapid urease and DPO-PCR, finding its effectiveness in H. pylori detection and clarithromycin resistance mutations.
  • Results showed MmaxSure™ had high sensitivity and specificity for detecting H. pylori and the A2143G mutation, suggesting it is a reliable diagnostic tool, though further studies are required to evaluate its clinical utility.
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  • Tegoprazan is a new medication that helps treat acid-related disorders and was tested for its effectiveness on ulcers caused by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in patients with gastric neoplasia.
  • In a study involving 160 patients, those taking tegoprazan had a 30.3% healing rate of artificial ulcers after 4 weeks, compared to 22.1% for those on esomeprazole, showing tegoprazan was more effective initially.
  • However, after 8 weeks, the overall healing rates were similar between the two groups, indicating that both medications ultimately had comparable effects on ulcer healing.
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BACKGROUND Reye syndrome is a rare, yet potentially life-threatening disease characterized by acute encephalopathy and hepatic failure. This report presents the case of an 8-year-old girl with Reye syndrome and seizures after the use of naproxen. CASE REPORT An 8-year-old girl experienced a 3-day episode of fever and abdominal pain.

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Aims: CG-750 is an oral formulation of ivaltinostat, a newly developing histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and safety of an oral formulation (CG-750) of ivaltinostat compared to an intravenous (IV) formulation (CG-745).

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in three cohorts.

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Background/aims: Metachronous gastric cancer (MGC) can occur after endoscopic resection for gastric cancer. Further studies on factors other than Helicobacter pylori infection are needed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate risk factors for metachronous recurrence of endoscopically resected gastric cancer.

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Lysine succinylation is a subtype of protein acylation associated with metabolic regulation of succinyl-CoA in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Deficiency of succinyl-CoA synthetase (SCS), the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme catalyzing the interconversion of succinyl-CoA to succinate, results in mitochondrial encephalomyopathy in humans. This report presents a conditional forebrain-specific knockout (KO) mouse model of Sucla2, the gene encoding the ATP-specific beta isoform of SCS, resulting in postnatal deficiency of the entire SCS complex.

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Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside, is commonly prescribed to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Because digoxin acts as a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), its blood concentration may be reduced by P-gp inducers such as rifampin. To assess the real-world implications of this drug-drug interaction, a retrospective analysis was carried out on the Clinical Data Warehouse at Seoul National University Hospital between 2012 and 2017.

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Previous research demonstrated that genetic heterogeneity is a critical factor in modeling amyloid accumulation and other Alzheimer's disease phenotypes. However, it is unknown what mechanisms underlie these effects of genetic background on modeling tau aggregate-driven pathogenicity. In this study, we induced tau aggregation in wild-derived mice by expressing MAPT.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study looked at how often people should have check-ups (called surveillance gastroscopy) after getting their stomach cancer removed to catch any new tumors that might form.
  • They compared two groups: one having check-ups every year and another every two years, to see which was better.
  • They found that checking from year to year is likely enough for most people, but those with severe stomach issues should be watched more closely to find any new cancer early.
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Background/aims: The impact of sedation on cardio-cerebrovascular (CCV) adverse events after esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. We investigated the incidence rate and impact of sedation on CCV adverse events after surveillance EGD in patients with GC.

Methods: We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service databases from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020.

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Radiative cooling is a passive cooling technology without any energy consumption, compared to conventional cooling technologies that require power sources and dump waste heat into the surroundings. For decades, many radiative cooling studies have been introduced but its applications are mostly restricted to nighttime use only. Recently, the emergence of photonic technologies to achieves daytime radiative cooling overcome the performance limitations.

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  • CT-P47 is a biosimilar tocilizumab candidate being studied for its pharmacokinetic (PK) equivalence to the EU-approved reference drug in healthy Asian adults.
  • The study used a double-blind, multicenter, parallel-group design, with participants receiving either CT-P47 or EU-tocilizumab, and focused on measuring various PK endpoints like AUC and maximum serum concentration (C).
  • Results showed that CT-P47 had equivalent PK measures compared to EU-tocilizumab, was well-tolerated, and exhibited similar immunogenicity and safety profiles.
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Aims: The new modified-release formulation of tegoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, is expected to improve the management of acid-related disease, including nocturnal acid breakthrough, by prolonging the duration of acid suppression. This study aimed to explore the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of various combinations of tegoprazan with immediate-release (IR) and delayed-release (DR) formulations.

Methods: A three-cohort, open-label, randomized, single-dose, three-treatment, six-sequence, three-period crossover study was conducted.

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Recent technological advances have re-invigorated the interest in nuclear translation (NT), but the underlying mechanisms and functional implications of NT remain unknown. Here we show that NT is enhanced in malignant cancer cells and is associated with rapid cell growth. Nuclear ribopuromycylation analyses in a panel of diverse cell lines revealed that NT is scarce in normal immortalized cells, but is ubiquitous and robust in malignant cancer cells.

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