External validation of a pharmacokinetic model for target-controlled infusion of cefazolin as a prophylactic antibiotic.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive performance of previously constructed cefazolin pharmacokinetic models and determine whether cefazolin administration via the target-controlled infusion (TCI) method may be possible in clinical practice.

Methods: Twenty-five gastrectomy patients receiving cefazolin as a prophylactic antibiotic were enrolled. Two grams of cefazolin was dissolved in 50 mL of normal saline to give a concentration of 40 mg mL .

Time-resolved dynamics of stable open- and closed-shell neutral radical and oxidized tripyrrindione complexes.

Stable open- and closed-shell Pd(II) and Cu(II) complexes of hexaethyl tripyrrin-1,14-dione (TD1) produce triplet, doublet or singlet states depending on the metal center and the redox state of the ligand. Pd(II) and Cu(II) form neutral TD1 complexes featuring ligand-based radicals, thus resulting in doublet and triplet states, respectively. The reversible one-electron oxidation of the complexes removes an unpaired electron from the ligand, generating singlet and doublet states.

Geometric parameters on MRA source images to differentiate small Proximal Posterior communicating artery aneurysms from Infundibular dilation.

Background And Purpose: We aimed to assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the differentiation of small aneurysms versus infundibular dilations (IDs) at the internal carotid artery-posterior communicating artery (ICA-PComA) junction, emphasizing the role of MRA axial source images.

Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 83 focal arterial protrusions at ICA-PComA junction in 76 patients who underwent both MRA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)/3-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA). The diagnostic performance of MRA for differential diagnosis of aneurysm from ID was calculated using DSA/3DRA interpretation as the standard of reference.

256-row multislice CT angiography in the postoperative evaluation of cerebral aneurysms treated with titanium clips: using three-dimensional rotational angiography as the standard of reference.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of 256-row multislice computed tomographic angiography (CTA) compared with three-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA) in the postoperative evaluation of cerebral aneurysms treated with titanium clips.

Methods: A total of 128 patients (42 men, 86 women; mean age, 57.6 years) with 143 cerebral aneurysms treated using titanium clips underwent both CTA and 3DRA.

Ultrafast Dynamics of Tripyrrindiones in Solution Mediated by Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions.

The optical properties and ultrafast dynamics of hexaethyl tripyrrin-1,14-dione (HTD1) are tuned by hydrogen-bonding interactions between the solute and the solvent. In solvents with low hydrogen-bonding affinity, HTD1 preferentially forms hydrogen-bonded dimers, whereas in solvents that can either donate or accept hydrogen bonds HTD1 is present as a monomer. The distinction between dimer and monomer determines the dynamics of the system, with faster internal conversion observed in the dimer form.

A hybrid operating room for combined surgical and endovascular procedures for cerebrovascular diseases: a clinical experience at a single centre.

To describe our experiences with a fully equipped high-end digital subtraction angiography (DSA) system within a hybrid operating room (OR). A single-plane DSA system with 3-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA), cone-beam computed tomography, and real-time navigation software was used in our hybrid OR. Between April 2014 and January 2018, 191 sessions of neurovascular procedures were performed in our hybrid OR.

Four-Year Experience Using an Advanced Interdisciplinary Hybrid Operating Room : Potentials in Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease.

Objective: To describe our experiences with a fully equipped high-end digital subtraction angiography (DSA) system within a hybrid operating room (OR).

Methods: A single-plane DSA system with 3-dimensional rotational angiography, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and real-time navigation software was used in our hybrid OR. Between April 2014 and January 2018, 191 sessions of cerebrovascular procedures were performed in our hybrid OR.

The most mentioned neurointervention articles in online media: a bibliometric analysis of the top 101 articles with the highest altmetric attention scores.

Background And Purpose: Alternative metrics (altmetrics), based on mentions in online media, is a new tool that can help to identify the most influential articles to diverse public audiences. This article aimed to determine the 100 most mentioned articles in the field of neurointervention and to analyze their characteristics.

Materials And Methods: We selected the 808 journals that were considered journals potentially publishing articles on neurointervention.

Endovascular Coiling for a Wide-neck Bifurcated Aneurysm with Anterograde Horizontal Stenting via Microcatheter Looping: A Technical Case Report.

Technical advances with devices such as catheters, balloons, and stents have widened the indications for endovascular coiling for unfavorable aneurysms. The authors report two cases of coil embolization for a wide-neck bifurcated aneurysm with anterograde horizontal stenting via microcatheter looping. Two women, aged 56 and 38 years, respectively, had an undertall- and overwide-neck aneurysm with bifurcated branches at the basilar bifurcation and middle cerebral bifurcation, respectively.

Dual-Frequency Comb Transient Absorption: Broad Dynamic Range Measurement of Femtosecond to Nanosecond Relaxation Processes.

We experimentally demonstrate a dual-frequency comb-based transient absorption (DFC-TA) technique, which has a 12 fs time resolution and an ultrafast scan rate. Here, the fast scan rate is achieved by employing asynchronous optical sampling (ASOPS), which utilizes two independent mode-locked lasers with a slightly detuned repetition rates. The ASOPS approach is advantageous because photodegradation damage of optical sample during TA measurements can be minimized by a gated sampling.

Sample exchange by beam scanning with applications to noncollinear pump-probe spectroscopy at kilohertz repetition rates.

In laser spectroscopy, high photon flux can perturb the sample away from thermal equilibrium, altering its spectroscopic properties. Here, we describe an optical beam scanning apparatus that minimizes repetitive sample excitation while providing shot-to-shot sample exchange for samples such as cryostats, films, and air-tight cuvettes. In this apparatus, the beam crossing point is moved within the focal plane inside the sample by scanning both tilt angles of a flat mirror.

Intraobserver and interobserver variability in CT angiography and MR angiography measurements of the size of cerebral aneurysms.

Purpose: Accurate and reliable measurement of aneurysm size is important for treatment planning. The purpose of this study was to determine intraobserver and interobserver variability of CTA and MRA for measurement of the size of cerebral aneurysms.

Methods: Thirty patients with 33 unruptured cerebral aneurysms (saccular, >3 mm in their maximal dimension, with no daughter sacs or lobulations) who underwent 256-row multislice CTA, 3-D TOF MRA at 3.

Bandgap Inhomogeneity of a PbSe Quantum Dot Ensemble from Two-Dimensional Spectroscopy and Comparison to Size Inhomogeneity from Electron Microscopy.

Femtosecond two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy is used to determine the static bandgap inhomogeneity of a colloidal quantum dot ensemble. The excited states of quantum dots absorb light, so their absorptive two-dimensional (2D) spectra will typically have positive and negative peaks. It is shown that the absorption bandgap inhomogeneity is robustly determined by the slope of the nodal line separating positive and negative peaks in the 2D spectrum around the bandgap transition; this nodal line slope is independent of excited state parameters not known from the absorption and emission spectra.

Citation classics in neurointerventional research: a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited articles.

Background And Purpose: The number of citations that an article has received can be used to evaluate its impact on the scientific community. This study aimed to identify the 100 most cited articles in the field of neurointervention and to analyze their characteristics.

Materials And Methods: We selected the 669 journals that were considered potentially to publish neurointervention articles based on the database of Journal Citation Reports.

Delayed improvement after endoscopic carpal tunnel release.

Objective: In most patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), pain and/or paresthesia disappeared or decreased in a month after endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR). However, subpopulation of patients showed delayed improvement following ECTR. We analyzed the delayed improvement hands to investigate the characteristics of those patients and to determine the predictable factors of delayed improvement.

Infundibular dilation and aneurysm at the origin of the posterior communicating artery: differential diagnosis by CT angiography.

Introduction: Infundibular dilation (ID) and aneurysm at the internal carotid artery (ICA)-posterior communicating artery (PComA) junction can be difficult to distinguish but may differ in clinical significance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of CT angiography (CTA) in differentially diagnosing IDs and small unruptured aneurysms at the ICA-PComA junction.

Methods: This retrospective study comprised 88 patients diagnosed with 107 protrusions (70 IDs and 37 aneurysms <5 mm; 19 bilateral lesions) at the ICA-PComA junction who underwent both CTA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Enhanced interferometric detection in two-dimensional spectroscopy with a Sagnac interferometer.

An intrinsically phase-stable Sagnac interferometer is introduced for optimized interferometric detection in partially collinear two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopy. With a pump-pulse pair from an actively stabilized Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the Sagnac scheme is demonstrated in broadband, short-wave IR (1-2 μm), 2D electronic spectroscopy of IR-26 dye.

Clinical and radiological spectrum of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

Objective: Symptoms of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) include headache, altered mental status, visual disturbances, and seizures. Typical radiological features include edema of the parieto-occipital lobes. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical and radiological findings in patients diagnosed with PRES.

Absolute measurement of femtosecond pump-probe signal strength.

The absolute femtosecond pump-probe signal strength of deprotonated fluorescein in basic methanol is measured. Calculations of the absolute pump-probe signal based on the steady-state absorption and emission spectrum that use only independently measured experimental parameters are carried out. The calculation of the pump-probe signal strength assumes the pump and probe fields are both weak and includes the following factors: the transverse spatial profile of the laser beams; the pulse spectra; attenuation of the propagating pulses with depth in the sample; the anisotropic transition probability for polarized light; and time-dependent electronic population relaxation.

Simultaneous all-optical determination of molecular concentration and extinction coefficient.

Absolute molecular number concentration and extinction coefficient are simultaneously determined from linear and nonlinear spectroscopic measurements. This method is based on measurements of absolute femtosecond pump-probe signals. Accounting for pulse propagation, we present a closed form expression for molecular number concentration in terms of absorbance, fluorescence, absolute pump-probe signal, and laser pulse parameters (pulse energy, spectrum, and spatial intensity profile); all quantities are measured optically.

Value of CT angiography for the detection of intracranial vascular lesions in patients with acute severe headache.

Objectives: To retrospectively investigate the prevalence and characteristics of intracranial vascular lesions in patients with acute severe headache with the use of CT angiography (CTA).

Methods: We systematically searched for neurologically intact patients with acute severe headache and normal unenhanced head CT. The study group consisted of 512 patients; 251 male; mean age 46.

Accuracy of CT angiography in the assessment of the circle of Willis: comparison of volume-rendered images and digital subtraction angiography.

Background: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is increasingly used for non-invasive imaging of the cerebrovascular diseases.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of CTA in the assessment of the variation of the segment calibers of the circle of Willis.

Material And Methods: One hundred and 17 patients with acute SAH (51 men and 66 women, mean age 50.

Unilateral extrapedicular vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty in lumbar compression fractures : technique, anatomy and preliminary results.

Objective: A single balloon extrapedicular kyphoplasty has been introduced as one of the unilateral approaches for thoracic compression fractures; however, the unilateral extrapedicular technique in the lumbar area needs a further understanding of structures in the lumbar area. The purpose of the present study is to describe methods and pitfalls of this procedure based on the anatomy of the lumbar area and to analyze clinical outcome and complications.

Methods: Anatomical evaluation was performed with 2 human cadavers.

Bulklike hot carrier dynamics in lead sulfide quantum dots.

Hot electronic dynamics in lead sulfide nanocrystals is interrogated by degenerate pump-probe spectroscopy with 20-25 fs pulses over a broad frequency range around three times the nanocrystal band gap. For each nanocrystal diameter, an initial reduction in absorption is seen only at the peak of the quantum confined E1 transition, while increased absorption is seen at all other wavelengths. The signals from the nanocrystals are approximately 300 times weaker than expected for a two-level system with the same absorbance and molar extinction coefficient and are weaker near time zero.