Effective Measures of Thickness Evolution of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase of Graphite Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries.

Upon forming, the intensity or thickness of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in a Li-ion battery (LIB) evolves to various states depending on the cell materials and operation conditions. Despite a crucial role in comprehending the behaviors of an LIB, its quantitative measure is far from satisfactory mainly because of the undue complexity of the concentration profiles of the comprising chemical species. Here, we calculate the depth profiles of atomic mole fractions of C and F and their ratio as = C/F of graphite anodes for LIBs in comparison to an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiment.

Offset responses in primary auditory cortex are enhanced after notched noise stimulation.

Sensory "aftereffects" are a subgroup of sensory illusions that can be defined as an illusory phenomenon triggered after prolonged exposure to a given sensory inducer. These phenomena are interesting because they can provide insights into the mechanisms of perception. In auditory modality, there is a special interest in the so-called "Zwicker tone" (ZT), an auditory aftereffect triggered after the presentation of a notched noise (NN, broadband noise with a missing frequency band).

Factors related to the parallel use of complementary and alternative medicine with conventional medicine among patients with chronic conditions in South Korea.

Background: This study aims to examine the characteristics and behavioral patterns of patients with chronic conditions behind their parallel use of the conventional medicine (CM) and the complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) that includes traditional Korean Medicine (KM).

Methods: This cross-sectional study used the self-administered anonymous survey method to obtain the results from inpatients who were staying in three hospitals in Gyeongnam province in Korea.

Results: Of the 423 participants surveyed, 334 participants (79.

Effective Bolus Dose of Sufentanil to Attenuate Cardiovascular Responses in Laryngoscopic Double-Lumen Endobronchial Intubation.

Background: Sufentanil is a potent opioid analgesic frequently used in clinical anesthesia. Double-lumen endobronchial intubation induces profound cardiovascular responses in comparison with ordinary endotracheal intubation because of the larger tube diameter and direct irritation of the carina.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effective bolus dose of sufentanil to attenuate hemodynamic changes in response to laryngoscopic double-lumen endobronchial intubation.

Medical practices and attitudes of dual-licensed medical doctors in Korea.

Unique dual medical system in Korea has resulted in the emergence of dual-licensed medical doctors (DLMDs) who have both traditional Korean medicine (KM) and Western medicine (WM) licenses. There have been few studies on DLMDs in spite of their growing number and importance within the medical system. We surveyed the current status and attitudes of DLMD to assess their role in integrative medicine.

Characterization of the optical properties of silver nanoparticle films.

To understand the collective properties of nanoparticles, it is necessary to control the particle size, spacing and ordering. Here we describe the chemical synthesis of well-controlled silver nanoparticles, the wet coat preparation and the optical properties of its film. The light incidence angle and polarization dependency of the resonant spectra show distinctive surface plasmon resonance extinction peaks for isolated particles and the coupled modes of neighbouring particles.

Localized character of 4f electrons in CeRhx (x=2,3) and CeNix (x=2,5).

We have measured Ce 4f spectral weights of extremely alpha-like Ce transition metal intermetallic compounds CeRhx (x=2,3) and CeNix (x=2,5) by using the bulk-sensitive resonant photoemission technique at the Ce M5(3d(5/2)-->4f) edge. High energy resolution and longer escape depth of photoemitted electron at this photon energy enabled us to distinguish the sharp Kondo resonance tails at the Fermi level, which can be well described by the Gunnarsson-Schönhammer calculation based on the Anderson impurity Hamiltonian. On the other hand, the itinerant 4f band description shows big discrepancies, which implies that Ce 4f electrons retain localized characters even in extremely alpha-like compounds.