Effect of Metallic Au Seed Layer Annealing on the Properties of Electrodeposited ZnO Nanorods.

This study focuses on the effect of annealing the Au seed layer (ASL) on the structural and optical properties of electrodeposited ZnO nanorods. ZnO nanorods were fabricated in a three-step approach. In the first step, ASLs were deposited using an ion sputter technique.

Effect of Oxidation Temperature on Characteristics of Thermally Oxidized ZnO Thin Films on Mica Substrates.

Muscovite mica is one of the promising alternatives to polymer substrates because of its good thermal resistivity, flexibility, and transparency. In this study, metallic Zn films with a thickness of 300 nm were deposited on mica substrates through thermal evaporation; the thin films were then oxidized by annealing at temperatures ranging from 350 to 550 degrees C. The structural and optical properties of thermally oxidized ZnO thin films were investigated.

Effect of Co doping concentration on structural properties and optical parameters of Co-doped ZnO thin films by sol-gel dip-coating method.

The structural and optical properties of Co-doped ZnO thin films prepared by a sol-gel dip-coating method were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the thin films were grown with a c-axis preferred orientation. The position of the (002) peak was almost the same in all samples, irrespective of the Co concentration.

Optical parameters of boron-doped ZnO nanorods grown by low-temperature hydrothermal reaction.

Sol-gel spin-coating was used to deposit ZnO seed layers onto quartz substrates, and ZnO nanorods doped with various concentrations of B (i.e., BZO nanorods) ranging from 0 to 2.

Facile synthesis and enhanced ultraviolet emission of ZnO nanorods prepared by vapor-confined face-to-face annealing.

In this study, we report a novel regrowth method of sol-gel-prepared ZnO films using a vapor-confined face-to-face annealing (VC-FTFA) technique in which mica was inserted between two films, followed by annealing with the FTFA method. The ZnO nanorods are regrown when zinc acetate dihydrate and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) are used as the solvent, because these generate ZnCl2 vapor. The near-band-edge emission intensity of the ZnO nanorods was enhanced through the VC-FTFA method, increasing significantly by a factor of 56 compared to that of ZnO films annealed in open air at 700 °C.

Alignment of velocity and vorticity and the intermittent distribution of helicity in isotropic turbulence.

We provide an observation suggesting a strong correlation between helicity and enstrophy in fluid turbulence. Helicity statistics were obtained in a direct numerical simulation of forced isotropic turbulence. An investigation of coherent structures revealed that intermittently large local helicity was found in the core region of the coherent rotational structures, thus showing a strong correlation with local enstrophy, not dissipation.