Separately tracking the sources of hydrophobic and hydrophilic dissolved organic matter during a storm event in an agricultural watershed.

The hydrophobicity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) affects various aspects of its environmental impacts in terms of water quality, sorption behaviors, interactions with other pollutants, and water treatment efficiency. In this study, source tracking of river DOM was conducted separately for hydrophobic acid (HoA-DOM) and hydrophilic (Hi-DOM) fractions using end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) in an agricultural watershed during a storm event. EMMA with optical indices of bulk DOM revealed larger contributions of soil (24 %), compost (28 %), and wastewater effluent (23 %) to riverine DOM under high versus low flow conditions.

Is robot-assisted therapy effective in upper extremity recovery in early stage stroke? -a systematic literature review.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the effects of robot-assisted therapy on the upper extremity in acute and subacute stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] The papers retrieved were evaluated based on the following inclusion criteria: 1) design: randomized controlled trials; 2) population: stroke patients 3) intervention: robot-assisted therapy; and 4) year of publication: May 2012 to April 2016. Databased searched were: EMBASE, PubMed and COCHRAN databases.

Relationship between Postural Sway and Dynamic Balance in Stroke Patients.

[Purpose] The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between postural sway and dynamic balance in post stroke patients. [Subjects] Thirty-one stroke patients (20 men and 11 women; age 64.25 years; stroke duration 12.

Effect of gross motor group exercise on functional status in chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to understand the effects of task-oriented gross motor group exercise based on motor development on chronic stroke patients' joint, bone, muscle, and motor functions and activities of daily living. [Subjects] Twenty-eight stroke patients hospitalized at P municipal nursing facility for the severely handicapped were randomly assigned to the gross motor group exercise group (experimental group, n=14) or the control group (n=14). [Methods] The two groups performed morning exercise led by a trainer for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week for 6 weeks in total.