Microbial production of levulinic acid from glucose by engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440.

Levulinic acid(LA) is produced through acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and dehydration of lignocellulosic biomass. It is a key platform chemical used as an intermediate in various industries including biofuels, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. Traditional LA production uses chemical conversion, which requires high temperatures and pressures, strong acids, and produces undesirable side reactions, repolymerization products, and waste problems Therefore, we designed an integrated process to produce LA from glucose through metabolic engineering of Pseudomonas putida KT2440.

The 4D virtual patient: A proof of concept in digital dentistry.

This dental technique article updates the 3-dimensional (3D) virtual patient digital workflow by introducing the space-time information acquired with jaw tracking motion. The direct digital procedure involved scanning the interim prostheses, creating virtual casts, and transferring the digital facebow, virtual articulation, and jaw-tracking motion. All 3D files and records from the intraoral scanner, cone beam computed tomography, extraoral scanner, and jaw tracking motion were superimposed using existing teeth as the connecting link in all data sets and adopting the best-fit alignment.

Diamond-Like Carbon Coating Reduces Connection Screw Head Stripping After Multiple Tightening Instances.

The stability of implant-abutment joint is fundamental for the long-term success of implant rehabilitation. The screw loosening, fracture, and head deformation are among the most common mechanical complications. Several surface treatments of titanium screws have been proposed to improve their resistance and stability.

regulates osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting the c‑Fos/NFATc1 pathway and alleviating bone loss in an ovariectomy model.

Medical and economic developments have allowed the human lifespan to extend and, as a result, the elderly population has increased worldwide. Osteoporosis is a common geriatric disease that has no symptoms and even a small impact can cause fractures in patients, leading to a serious deterioration in the quality of life. Osteoporosis treatment typically involves bisphosphonates and selective estrogen receptor modulators.

Immediate loading full-arch rehabilitation using transmucosal tissue-level implants with different variables associated: a one-year observational study.

Background: The aim of the present observational study was to investigate the application of transmucosal tissue-level implants in immediate loading full-arch rehabilitation with different variables associated.

Methods: Patients needing a full-arch implant rehabilitation were recruited and rehabilitated with four transmucosal tissue level implants. Data related to implants' diameters and lengths, jaw distributions, and presence of angulated abutments were collected.

Finding of Novel Galactose Utilizing sp. YK44 for Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Production.

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biodegradable bioplastic with potential applications as an alternative to petroleum-based plastics. However, efficient PHB production remains difficult. The main cost of PHB production is attributed to carbon sources; hence, finding inexpensive sources is important.

Acceleration of Polybutylene Succinate Biodegradation by sp. JY49 Isolated from a Marine Environment.

Polybutylene succinate (PBS) is a bioplastic substitute for synthetic plastics that are made from petroleum-based products such as polyethylene and polypropylene. However, the biodegradation rate of PBS is still low and similar to that of polylactic acid (PLA). Moreover, our knowledge about degrader species is limited to a few fungi and mixed consortia.

Finding a Benign Plasticizer to Enhance the Microbial Degradation of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Evaluated by PHB Degrader sp. SOL66.

As a biodegradable plastic, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) has relatively poor mechanical properties, preventing its wider use. Various plasticizers have been studied to improve the mechanical properties of PHB; however, due to the slow degradation speed in the soil environment and lack of evaluation methods, studies on the degradation of PHB with plasticizers are rarely reported. In this study, by applying sp.

Simultaneous monitoring of each component on degradation of blended bioplastic using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The increasing interest in bioplastics, with regard to future environmental issues, has rendered research on bioplastic biodegradation highly important. However, only a few tools directly monitor the degradation of bioplastics without measuring the levels of gaseous products, such as carbon dioxide. Classical nonquantitative methods, such as clear zone tests on solid plates, and less-sensitive weight-loss experiments in liquid media measured using a precision scale, are still employed to screen the microbial players associated with bioplastic degradation and monitor the biodegradation rates.

Lignocellulosic hydrolysate based biorefinery for marine exopolysaccharide production and application of the produced biopolymer in environmental clean-up.

The present study deals with the utilization of lignocellulosic hydrolysate-based carbon source for exopolysaccharide (EPS) production using newly reported marine Echinicola sediminis BBL-M-12. This bacterium produced 7.56 g L and 5.

4-Chloro-2-Isopropyl-5-Methylphenol Exhibits Antimicrobial and Adjuvant Activity against Methicillin-Resistant .

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) causes severe infections and poses a global healthcare challenge. The utilization of novel molecules which confer synergistical effects to existing MRSA-directed antibiotics is one of the well-accepted strategies in lieu of development of new antibiotics. Thymol is a key component of the essential oil of plants in the and .

Novel Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)-degrading Bacillus sp. JY35 from wastewater sludge and its broad degradation of various bioplastics.

Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), a bioplastic consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons, was developed to overcome the shortcomings of aliphatic and aromatic polyesters. Many studies report the use of PBAT as a blending material for improving properties of other bioplastics. However, there are few studies on microorganisms that degrade PBAT.

MLL5, a histone modifying enzyme, regulates androgen receptor activity in prostate cancer cells by recruiting co-regulators, HCF1 and SET1.

In prostate cancer, the androgen receptor (AR) transcription factor is a major regulator of cell proliferation and metastasis. To identify new AR regulators, we focused on Mixed lineage leukemia 5 (MLL5), a histone-regulating enzyme, because significantly higher MLL5 expression was detected in prostate cancer tissues than in matching normal tissues. When we expressed shRNAs targeting MLL5 gene in prostate cancer cell line, the growth rate and AR activity were reduced compared to those in control cells, and migration ability of the knockdown cells was reduced significantly.

Histone Demethylase LSD1 Regulates Kidney Cancer Progression by Modulating Androgen Receptor Activity.

Kidney cancer is one of the most difficult cancers to treat by targeted and radiation therapy. Therefore, identifying key regulators in this cancer is especially important for finding new drugs. We focused on androgen receptor (AR) regulation by its epigenetic co-regulator lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) in kidney cancer development.

Histone Demethylase KDM7A Regulates Androgen Receptor Activity, and Its Chemical Inhibitor TC-E 5002 Overcomes Cisplatin-Resistance in Bladder Cancer Cells.

Histone demethylase KDM7A regulates many biological processes, including differentiation, development, and the growth of several cancer cells. Here, we have focused on the role of KDM7A in bladder cancer cells, especially under drug-resistant conditions. When the gene was knocked down, bladder cancer cell lines showed impaired cell growth, increased cell death, and reduced rates of cell migration.

Rapid and Sensitive Determination of HIV-1 Virus Based on Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

In this study, rapid and sensitive detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 was performed based on immunoreactions with an Au nanodot fabricated indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Highly ordered Au nanodots (ca. 20 nm) were electrochemically fabricated over a large surface area (20 mm x 10 mm) of an ITO substrate using a simple deposition method with Triton X-100.

Alteromonas confluentis sp. nov., isolated from the junction between the ocean and a freshwater spring.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-flagellated and coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, DSSK2-12T, was isolated from the place where the ocean and a freshwater spring meet at Jeju island, South Korea. Strain DSSK2-12T grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.0–8.

Pseudohalocynthiibacter aestuariivivens gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic and coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated BS-W9(T), was isolated from a tidal flat of the South Sea, South Korea. Strain BS-W9(T) grew optimally at 25-30 °C, at pH 7.0-8.

Evaluation of radiofrequency exposure levels from multiple wireless installations in population dense areas in Korea.

This paper presents the results of measurements from simultaneous human exposure to various radiofrequency (RF) signals at densely populated areas. Measurements were performed at 1260 positions across Korea to determine exposure compliance to electromagnetic fields for the general public. The measured exposure levels were very low compared with the international exposure guidelines and Korean human protection notice.

Anti-obesity effects of black ginseng extract in high fat diet-fed mice.

Black ginseng is produced by a repeated steaming process. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-obesity effects of black ginseng ethanol extract (BG-EE) in high fat (HF) diet-fed mice. Two groups were fed either a normal control (NC) diet or a HF diet (45% kcal fat).

Effects of whole-body exposure to 915 MHz RFID on secretory functions of the thyroid system in rats.

As a part of an investigation on the potential risks of radiofrequency identification (RFID) on human health, we studied whether exposure to 915 MHz RFID in rats significantly affected the secretory function of the thyroid system. A reverberation chamber was used as a whole-body exposure system. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed for 8 h per day, 5 days per week, for a duration of 2, 4, 8, or 16 weeks.

The effects of exposure to 915 MHz radiofrequency identification on cerebral glucose metabolism in rat: a [F-18] FDG micro-PET study.

Purpose: We investigated the effect of whole-body exposure to 915-MHz radiofrequency identification (RFID) on rat cortical glucose metabolism by using (18)F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).

Materials And Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: Cage-control, sham-exposed and RFID-exposed groups. Rats were exposed to the 915-MHz RFID for 8 h daily, 5 days per week, for 2 or 16 weeks.