Comparison of Risk-Scoring Models to Predict Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients With Direct Oral Anticoagulants.

Background And Aim: The risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) remains a concern with the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). We evaluated the efficacy of four risk-scoring models (HAS-BLED, ATRIA, VTE-BLEED, and ORBIT) in predicting GIB according to the concomitant use of antiplatelet therapy in DOAC users.

Methods: Patients prescribed DOAC between December 2014 and October 2020 were enrolled in two university-affiliated hospitals.

Bio-Based Phase Change Materials for Sustainable Development.

The increasing global population has intensified the demand for energy and food, leading to significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from both sectors. To mitigate these impacts and achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), passive thermal storage methods, particularly using phase change materials (PCMs), have become crucial for enhancing energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions across various industries. This paper discusses the state of the art of bio-based phase change materials (bio-PCMs), derived from animal fats and plant oils as sustainable alternatives to traditional paraffin-based PCMs, while addressing the challenges of developing bio-PCMs with suitable phase change properties for practical applications.

Empirical Therapy Versus Tailored Therapy of Helicobacter pylori in Korea: Results of the K-CREATE Study.

Background: The optimal duration of regimens for tailored therapy based on genotypic resistance for clarithromycin has yet to be established.

Aim: This study was a nationwide, multicenter, randomized trial comparing empirical therapy with tailored therapy based on genotypic resistance for first-line eradication of Helicobacter pylori. We also compared the eradication rates of 7- and 14-day regimens for each group.

Drugs Effective for Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs or Aspirin-induced Small Bowel Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: The frequency of small bowel (SB) injuries has increased due to the increased use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or aspirin. This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare drugs effective for SB injuries caused by NSAIDs or aspirin use.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane registries for randomized controlled trials through February 2023.

Factors influencing occurrence of metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background/aims: Metachronous gastric cancer (MGC) can occur after endoscopic resection for gastric cancer. Further studies on factors other than Helicobacter pylori infection are needed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate risk factors for metachronous recurrence of endoscopically resected gastric cancer.

Dense D2C-Net: dense connection network for display-to-camera communications.

In this paper, we introduce a novel Dense D2C-Net, an unobtrusive display-to-camera (D2C) communication scheme that embeds and extracts additional data via visual content through a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). The encoding process of Dense D2C-Net establishes connections among all layers of the cover image, and fosters feature reuse to maintain the visual quality of the image. The Y channel is employed to embed binary data owing to its resilience against distortion from image compression and its lower sensitivity to color transformations.

The Impact of Sedation on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Adverse Events after Surveillance Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background/aims: The impact of sedation on cardio-cerebrovascular (CCV) adverse events after esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. We investigated the incidence rate and impact of sedation on CCV adverse events after surveillance EGD in patients with GC.

Methods: We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service databases from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020.

Photonic structures in radiative cooling.

Radiative cooling is a passive cooling technology without any energy consumption, compared to conventional cooling technologies that require power sources and dump waste heat into the surroundings. For decades, many radiative cooling studies have been introduced but its applications are mostly restricted to nighttime use only. Recently, the emergence of photonic technologies to achieves daytime radiative cooling overcome the performance limitations.

Quantitative multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Helicobacter pylori and clarithromycin resistance.

Background: Identifying clarithromycin resistance is essential for eradicating Helicobacter pylori (HP). Therefore, we evaluated the performance of Allplex™ H.pylori & ClariR Assay (Allplex™) for diagnosing and detecting clarithromycin resistance in HP.

Enhanced nuclear translation is associated with proliferation and progression across multiple cancers.

Recent technological advances have re-invigorated the interest in nuclear translation (NT), but the underlying mechanisms and functional implications of NT remain unknown. Here we show that NT is enhanced in malignant cancer cells and is associated with rapid cell growth. Nuclear ribopuromycylation analyses in a panel of diverse cell lines revealed that NT is scarce in normal immortalized cells, but is ubiquitous and robust in malignant cancer cells.

Cold snare polypectomy versus cold endoscopic mucosal resection for small colorectal polyps: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is recommended for the resection of small colorectal polyps. However, few studies have investigated the efficacy of cold endoscopic mucosal resection (cold EMR) for small polyps. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of cold EMR compared with CSP for small colorectal polyps.

New sedatives and analgesic drugs for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures.

Procedural sedation has become increasingly common in endoscopy. Sedatives and analgesics induce anxiolysis and amnesia. In addition, an appropriate level of sedation is necessary for safe procedures including therapeutic endoscopy.

Efficacy of bougie dilation for normal diet in benign esophageal stricture.

Objectives: Bougination is one of the first-line treatments in benign esophageal stricture (BES). The aim of the study was to identify clinical and endoscopic factors affecting the achievement of a normal diet with only bougie dilation in patients with BES.

Patients And Methods: Patients treated with only bougination for BES at three hospitals were retrospectively investigated.

Endoscopist-Driven Sedation Practices in South Korea: Re-evaluation Considering the Nationwide Survey in 2019.

Background/aims: This study aimed to determine changes in endoscopist-driven sedation practices 5 years after the first nationwide survey in 2014 by the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (KSGE).

Methods: A 59-item survey covering current practices was electronically mailed to all members of the KSGE in 2019.

Results: In total, 955 (12.

Triple Therapy-Based on Tegoprazan, a New Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker, for First-Line Treatment of Infection: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III, Clinical Trial.

Background/aims: We examined the efficacy and safety of tegoprazan as a part of first-line triple therapy for eradication.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, controlled, multicenter study was performed to evaluate whether tegoprazan (50 mg)-based triple therapy (TPZ) was noninferior to lansoprazole (30 mg)- based triple therapy (LPZ) (with amoxicillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg; all administered twice daily for 7 days) for treating . The primary endpoint was the eradication rate.

Biomimetic reconstruction of butterfly wing scale nanostructures for radiative cooling and structural coloration.

A great number of butterfly species in the warmer climate have evolved to exhibit fascinating optical properties on their wing scales which can both regulate the wing temperature and exhibit structural coloring in order to increase their chances of survival. In particular, the dorsal wing demonstrates notable radiative cooling performance and iridescent colors based on the nanostructure of the wing scale that can be characterized by the nanoporous matrix with the periodic nanograting structure on the top matrix surface. Inspired by the natural species, we demonstrate a multifunctional biomimetic film that reconstructs the nanostructure of the wing scales to replicate the radiative cooling and structural coloring functionalities.

[Gastrointestinal Disease in the Population Aged 80 Years and above in Korea during Recent Decades: Multi-center Cross-sectional Study].

Background/aims: Globally, the population aged 80 years or older is growing faster due to the rising life expectancy. Korea has already entered into an advanced aged society, and a post-aged society is expected in 2025. This study evaluated the patterns of gastrointestinal disease in the population aged 80 years or older during the recent decade in Korea.

Inhibition of the CDK2 and Cyclin A complex leads to autophagic degradation of CDK2 in cancer cells.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) complex is significantly over-activated in many cancers. While it makes CDK2 an attractive target for cancer therapy, most inhibitors against CDK2 are ATP competitors that are either nonspecific or highly toxic, and typically fail clinical trials. One alternative approach is to develop non-ATP competitive inhibitors; they disrupt interactions between CDK2 and either its partners or substrates, resulting in specific inhibition of CDK2 activities.

2021 Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinical Practice Guidelines for Endoscopic Sedation.

Sedation can resolve anxiety and fear in patients undergoing endoscopy. The use of sedatives has increased in Korea. Appropriate sedation is a state in which the patient feels subjectively comfortable while maintaining the airway reflex for stable spontaneous breathing.

[2021 Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinical Practice Guidelines for Endoscopic Sedation].

Sedation can resolve anxiety and fear in patients undergoing endoscopy. The use of sedatives has increased in Korea. Appropriate sedation is a state in which the patient feels subjectively comfortable while maintaining the airway reflex for stable spontaneous breathing.