Machine learning-based diagnostic method of pre-therapeutic F-FDG PET/CT for evaluating mediastinal lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: We aimed to find the best machine learning (ML) model using F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for evaluating metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes (MedLNs) in non-small cell lung cancer, and compare the diagnostic results with those of nuclear medicine physicians.

Methods: A total of 1329 MedLNs were reviewed. Boosted decision tree, logistic regression, support vector machine, neural network, and decision forest models were compared.

Synthesis and characterization of Cu- and Cy5.5-labeled tetraiodothyroacetic acid derivatives for tumor angiogenesis imaging.

It was previously reported that tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) inhibits angiogenesis by binding to the cell surface receptor for thyroid hormone on integrin αβ. Therefore, we synthesized and evaluated two Cu-labeled tetrac derivatives and a Cy5.5-labeled tetrac derivative for tumor angiogenesis imaging.

Predictive and Prognostic Value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake Combined with Thymidylate Synthase Expression in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

We investigated the relationship between tumor F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans and thymidylate synthase (TS) expression. In addition, we evaluated the value of FDG uptake in predicting treatment response and prognosis when combined with TS expression in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We measured the maximum standard uptake value, metabolic tumor volume, and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of tumor lesions on pretreatment scan in 234 patients (age: 60.

Development of Predictive Models in Patients with Epiphora Using Lacrimal Scintigraphy and Machine Learning.

Purpose: We developed predictive models using different programming languages and different computing platforms for machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) that classify clinical diagnoses in patients with epiphora. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of these models.

Methods: Between January 2016 and September 2017, 250 patients with epiphora who underwent dacryocystography (DCG) and lacrimal scintigraphy (LS) were included in the study.

Synthesis and in vivo characterization of F-labeled difluoroboron-curcumin derivative for β-amyloid plaque imaging.

Positron emission tomography imaging of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques has proven useful in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. A previous study from our group showed that 4'-O-[F]fluoropropylcurcumin has poor brain permeability, which is thought to be due to its rapid metabolism. In this study, we synthesized difluoroboron complexes of fluorine-substituted curcumin derivatives (1-4) and selected one of them based on the in vitro binding assays.

Solitary Nodular Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: Imaging Diagnosis Using the Morphologic-Metabolic Dissociation Sign.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the morphologic-metabolic (M-M) dissociation sign based on computed tomography (CT) and fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in discriminating invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) from invasive non-mucinous adenocarcinomas (ADCs) of the lung.

Materials And Methods: The Institutional Review Board approved this retrospective study. Among surgically resected solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN)-type ADCs (< 3 cm in diameter), 35 patients with IMAs and 329 with invasive non-mucinous ADCs were included.

F-Labeled BODIPY Dye: A Potential Prosthetic Group for Brain Hybrid PET/Optical Imaging Agents.

There are few hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/fluorescence imaging agents available for brain imaging. For this purpose, BODIPY dye is very attractive because one of its fluorine atoms can be readily exchanged with F, and it can be modified to produce red-shifted fluorescence. In this study, therefore, we synthesized and investigated a F-labeled red-shifted BODIPY dye as a prosthetic group for brain hybrid PET/optical imaging agents and determined the optimal dose of this radioligand for hybrid imaging.

Inverse Prognostic Relationships of F-FDG PET/CT Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Distal Bile Duct Cancer Undergoing Curative Surgery.

Purpose: As there were few previous studies with a small number of subjects, the purpose of this was to evaluate the prognostic significance of F-FDG PET/CT in patients with distal bile duct cancer undergoing curative surgery.

Methods: The study included 40 patients (M/F = 24:16; age 68.0 ± 8.

PET/CT features discriminate risk of metastasis among single-bone FDG lesions detected in newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

Objectives: We investigated the capacity of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT features for stratifying probability of metastasis for single-bone FDG lesions in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Subjects were 118 newly diagnosed NSCLC patients with a solitary bone FDG lesion and no evidence of other distant metastasis based on PET/CT, brain MRI, and contrast-enhanced chest CT. Bone lesion SUV and CT findings, primary tumor SUV, clinical T stage, and N stage were analyzed.

Serum uric acid in asymptomatic adults is weakly associated with carotid artery FDG uptake but not intima-media thickness.

Background: This study investigated the association of serum uric acid (UA) with carotid fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake as a marker of inflammatory atherosclerosis.

Methods And Results: In this cross-sectional retrospective study of 970 otherwise healthy adults, subjects in the greater serum UA quartiles had higher triglyceride (P < .001), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .

Correlations between metabolic texture features, genetic heterogeneity, and mutation burden in patients with lung cancer.

Purpose: This study investigated the correlations between parameters of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography (PET) scan and indices of genetic properties, heterogeneity index (HI), and tumor mutation burden (TMB), in patients with lung cancer.

Methods: We produced 106 PET indices for each tumor site that underwent genomic analysis in a total of 176 study subjects (age, 62.0 ± 10.

Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients without known primary malignancy with skeletal lesions suspicious for cancer metastasis.

Background: When subjects without a known malignancy present with suspicious skeletal lesions, differential diagnosis and primary cancer identification is important. Here, we investigated the role of FDG PET/CT in this clinical situation.

Methods: We enrolled 103 patients with no known malignancies who were referred for FDG PET/CT because of bone lesions that were suspicious for cancer metastasis.

Total FDG lesion number on PET/CT predicts survival of esophageal carcinoma patients with recurrence following curative surgery.

Background: Total lesion number is a prognostic determinant in recurrent esophageal cancer, but this requires multiple tests. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of total FDG lesion number obtained from a single PET/CT study.

Methods: Subjects were 153 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with loco-regional or distant recurrence following curative surgery.

Clinical Significance of Incidental Focal F-FDG Uptake in the Spinal Cord of Patients with Cancer.

Purpose: We investigated the incidence, location, and clinical significance of focal F-FDG uptake of the spinal cord in patients with cancer.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 22,937 consecutive adult patients with known or suspicious malignancy who underwent F-FDG PET/CT. PET/CT scans with incidental focal spinal cord uptake were selected and retrospectively reviewed to determine the presence, location, number, and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) of any focal hypermetabolic lesions of the spinal cord.

Strong association of epidermal growth factor receptor status with breast cancer FDG uptake.

Purpose: Imaging tumor FDG uptake could complement breast cancer biomarkers of risk and treatment response. Although breast cancer FDG uptake is reputedly influenced by major biomarker states, the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression remains largely unexplored.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that included 499 patients with primary breast cancer at initial presentation.

Relation between tumor FDG uptake and hematologic prognostic indicators in stage I lung cancer patients following curative resection.

Hematologic parameters of systemic inflammation are receiving attention as promising prognostic indicators in cancer patients. Here, we investigated the relation and compared the prognostic values of circulating blood cell-based parameters and tumor F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in patients with stage I nonsmall cell lung cancers (NSCLC).Subjects were 1034 patients with newly diagnosed stage I NSCLC who underwent FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) followed by curative resection.

Intra-patient Variability of FDG Standardized Uptake Values in Mediastinal Blood Pool, Liver, and Myocardium during R-CHOP Chemotherapy in Patients with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma.

Purpose: F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is useful for staging and evaluating treatment response in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A five-point scale model using the mediastinal blood pool (MBP) and liver as references is a recommended method for interpreting treatment response. We evaluated the variability in standardized uptake values (SUVs) of the MBP, liver, and myocardium during chemotherapy in patients with DLBCL.

Body Mass Index with Tumor 18F-FDG Uptake Improves Risk Stratification in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the combined prognostic impact of body mass index (BMI) and tumor standardized uptake value (SUV) measured on pretreatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in patients with breast cancer.

Methods: We evaluated a cohort of 332 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer (stage I-III) who underwent pretreatment FDG PET/CT followed by curative resection. Patients were categorized as overweight (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2) or normal weight (BMI < 23 kg/m2).

Incidental focal F-FDG uptake in the frontal process of the maxilla on PET/CT: prevalence and clinical significance.

Objective: We investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of incidental focal F-FDG uptake in the frontal process of the maxilla, mimicking malignancy on PET/CT.

Methods: From a total of 32,834 patients who underwent F-FDG PET/CT, patients with focal uptake in the frontal process of the maxilla were selected by a database search. For those patients, medical records including relevant imaging studies were reviewed.

Value of interim FDG PET/CT for predicting outcome of patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

Subjects were 45 patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) who underwent 2-[F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) at baseline and interim after 2-4 cycles. Predictors of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Positive interim PET/CT (Deauville score ≥3) was a significant independent predictor of poor PFS (Hazard ratio, 4.

Value of F-FDG heterogeneity for discerning metastatic from benign lymph nodes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with suspected recurrence.

Objective: This study investigated the value of fluorine-18 fludeoxyglucose (F-FDG) heterogeneity as an indicator of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We further assessed whether addition of this parameter improves diagnostic performance beyond that provided by maximum standardized uptake value (SUV).

Methods: We analyzed 74 LNs that were suspicious for metastasis.

Value of volume-based early metabolic response in patients with unresectable thymic epithelial tumor.

Objective: We conducted this study to investigate the value of early metabolic responses assessed by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) in predicting prognosis and monitoring treatment response in patients with unresectable thymic epithelial tumors (TETs).

Patients And Methods: Study subjects were selected from the prospective dataset of a phase II clinical trial for cisplatin plus Cremorphor EL-free paclitaxel. A total of thirty patients with unresectable TETs who underwent baseline and early post treatment scan after two cycles of chemotherapy were enrolled (22 Male; mean age 55.

Relation between primary tumor FDG avidity and site of first distant metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

Identification of tumor imaging features associated with metastatic pattern may allow better understanding of cancer dissemination. Here, we investigated how primary tumor F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avidity influences the first site of breast cancer metastasis.Subjects were 264 patients with advanced breast cancer who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography at diagnosis and had metastasis at presentation (n = 193) or metastatic relapse after surgery (n = 71).

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in the thorax: Clinicopathologic, CT, PET, and prognostic features.

Little is known about prognostic factors in epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE). We aimed to identify prognostic factors among various clinicopathologic and imaging features of thoracic EHEs.Forty-two patients (male:female = 20:22; median age, 49 years) of EHEs with (n = 19) and without (n = 23) thoracic involvement were included.

Catabolism of (64)Cu and Cy5.5-labeled human serum albumin in a tumor xenograft model.

Human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant protein in blood plasma, has been used as a drug carrier for the last few decades. Residualizingly radiolabeled serum albumin has been reported to be avidly taken up by tumors of sarcoma-bearing mice and to most likely undergo lysosomal degradation. In this study, we prepared (64)Cu-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N″,N'″-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and Cy5.