Wet Pretreatment-Induced Modification of Cu(In,Ga)Se/Cd-Free ZnTiO Buffer Interface.

We report a novel Cd-free ZnTiO buffer layer deposited by atomic layer deposition for Cu(In,Ga)Se (CIGS) solar cells. Wet pretreatments of the CIGS absorbers with NHOH, HO, and/or aqueous solution of Cd ions were explored to improve the quality of the CIGS/ZnTiO interface, and their effects on the chemical state of the absorber and the final performance of Cd-free CIGS devices were investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the aqueous solution etched away sodium compounds accumulated on the CIGS surface, which was found to be detrimental for solar cell operation.

Tailoring Photoelectrochemical Performance and Stability of Cu(In,Ga)Se Photocathode via TiO-Coupled Buffer Layers.

We report on the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance and stability of Cu(In,Ga)Se (CIGS)-based photocathodes for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water. Various functional overlayers, such as CdS, TiO, ZnSnO, and a combination of the aforementioned, were applied on the CIGS to improve the performance and stability. We identified that the insertion of TiO overlayer on p-CIGS/n-buffer layers significantly improves the PEC performance.

Highly Asymmetric n(+)-p Heterojunction Quantum-Dot Solar Cells with Significantly Improved Charge-Collection Efficiencies.

The depletion region width of metal-oxide/quantum-dot (QD) heterojunction solar cells is increased by a new method in which heavily boron-doped n(+)-ZnO is employed. It is effectively increased in the QD layer by 30% compared to the counterpart with conventional n-ZnO, and provides 41% and 37% improvement of J(sc) (16.7 mA cm(-2) to 23.

Understanding the light soaking effect of ZnMgO buffer in CIGS solar cells.

This study investigated the mechanism underlying the light soaking effect of a ZnMgO buffer in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells, where the cell efficiency increased with an increase of light soaking time. The ZnMgO buffer layer was deposited by an atomic layer deposition method. With light soaking, the cell efficiency of ZnMgO/CIGS cells increased mainly by the increase of the fill factor and partly by the increase of the open-circuit voltage.

Solution-Processed Ag Nanowires + PEDOT:PSS Hybrid Electrode for Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Thin-Film Solar Cells.

Unlabelled: To reduce the cost of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells while maximizing the efficiency, we report the use of an Ag nanowires (NWs) + poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (

Pedot: PSS) hybrid transparent electrode, which was deposited using all-solution-processed, low-cost, scalable methods. This is the first demonstration of an Ag NWs +

Pedot: PSS transparent electrode applied to CIGS solar cells. The spin-coated 10-nm-thick

Pedot: PSS conducting polymer layer in our hybrid electrode functioned as a filler of empty space of an electrostatically sprayed Ag NW network.

Cd-free CIGS solar cells with buffer layer based on the In2S3 derivatives.

This study guided by device evaluations was conducted to reveal the reasons for the loss of the photo-generated carriers in CIGS cells with the buffer based on In2S3 derivatives. Chemical bath deposited Inx(OOH,S)y films have been employed as a Cd-free buffer layers. When compared to solar cells with CdS buffer layer, the Cu0.

Design of energy band alignment at the Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O/Cu(In,Ga)Se2 interface for Cd-free Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells.

The electronic band structure at the Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O/Cu(In(0.7)Ga(0.3))Se(2) interface was investigated for its potential application in Cd-free Cu(In,Ga)Se(2) thin film solar cells.

Saucernetin-7 and saucernetin-8 isolated from Saururus chinensis inhibit the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in macrophage RAW264.7 cells.

In the present study, we demonstrate that saucernetin-8 ( 1) and saucernetin-7 ( 2), isolated from the underground parts of Saururus chinensis (Saururaceae), exerted potent inhibitory effects on LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E (2) (PGE (2)) production in RAW 264.7 cells. Both compounds 1 and 2, known as dineolignans, also suppressed the expression of iNOS and COX-2 protein in a dose-dependent manner.

Synthesis and cytotoxicity of new platinum(IV) complexes of mixed carboxylates.

In order to develop new antitumor platinum(IV) complexes with highly tuned lipophilicity, a series of (diamine)Pt(IV) complexes of the formula [Pt(IV)(dach)L(3)L'] or [Pt(IV)(dach)L(2)L"(2)] (dach=trans-(+/-)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane; L=acetato, propionato; L'=acetato, propionato, valerato or pivalato; L"=trifluoroacetato) have been synthesized by electrophilic substitution of the tris(carboxylato)hydroxoplatinum(IV) complexes, [Pt(IV)(dach)L(3)OH] (L=acetato, propionato), with various carboxylic anhydrides such as acetic, trifluoroacetic, pivalic and valeric anhydrides. The present platinum(IV) complexes were fully characterized by means of elemental analyses, 1H NMR, mass and IR spectroscopies. The complexes 8 and 10, satisfying the appropriate range of lipophilicity (logP=0.