Excellent Outcomes in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors Treated by Either Reduced- or Standard-Dose Bleomycin.

To investigate the outcomes of children, adolescents, and young adults (AYAs) with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs), we analyzed the data of 61 patients aged ≤39 years diagnosed with MOGCT between 2006 and 2022. Among 59 patients who received chemotherapy after initial diagnosis, 57 received BEP (standard dose of bleomycin with 30 units per week, = 13) or bEP (reduced dose of bleomycin with 15 units/m on day 1, = 44). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 98.

ICSBP-induced PD-L1 enhances osteosarcoma cell growth.

Background: Interferon (IFN) consensus sequence binding protein (ICSBP) is a transcription factor induced by IFN-γ. We previously reported that ICSBP expression promotes osteosarcoma progression by enhancing transforming growth factor-β signaling. In cancer cells, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) contributes to immune escape and may also be involved in tumor progression.

Epidemiologic and Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Renal Tumors in Korea: A Retrospective Analysis of The Korean Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group (KPHOG) Data.

Purpose: Renal tumors account for approximately 7% of all childhood cancers. These include Wilms tumor (WT), clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK), malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (MRTK), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) and other rare tumors. We investigated the epidemiology of pediatric renal tumors in Korea.

Incidence and outcomes of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors in Korea, 1999-2017.

Objective: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT) is a rare ovarian malignancy accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian cancers. We aimed to evaluate the incidence, survival, and subsequent malignancies after the diagnosis of MOGCT.

Methods: Data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry were used to identify MOGCTs between 1999 and 2017.

Vincristine, Irinotecan, and Temozolomide as a Salvage Regimen for Relapsed or Refractory Sarcoma in Children and Young Adults.

Purpose: No standard salvage regimen is available for relapsed or refractory sarcoma. We investigated the efficacy and toxicity of the vincristine, irinotecan, and temozolomide combination (VIT) for relapsed or refractory sarcomas of variable histology in children and young adults.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from the relapsed or refractory sarcoma patients who were treated with VIT.

Erratum: Correction of Affiliations in the Article "Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Children, Adolescents, and Young-adults with Hodgkin's Lymphoma: a KPHOG Lymphoma Working-party, Multicenter, Retrospective Study".

This corrects the article on p. e393 in vol. 35, PMID: 33258329.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Children, Adolescents, and Young-adults with Hodgkin's Lymphoma: a KPHOG Lymphoma Working-party, Multicenter, Retrospective Study.

Background: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) constitutes 10%-20% of all malignant lymphomas and has a high cure rate (5-year survival, around 90%). Recently, interest has increased concerning preventing secondary complications (secondary cancer, endocrine disorders) in long-term survivors. We aimed to study the epidemiologic features and therapeutic outcomes of HL in children, adolescents, and young adults in Korea.

Cancer Incidence and Survival among Adolescents and Young Adults in Korea: An Update for 2016.

Purpose: This study investigated the incidence and relative survival rates (RSRs) for cancers among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-39 years between 1993 and 2016 in Korea.

Materials And Methods: Data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry were used to calculate percent distributions, age-specific incidence rates, age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) per million, annual percent changes (APCs), average APCs, and RSRs for cancers diagnosed in AYAs.

Results: ASR of all cancers among AYAs was 654.

Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy Mimicking Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency in Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Successful Treatment with Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration and Ammonia Scavengers.

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) is a rare liver cancer affecting adolescents and young adults without any pre existing liver disease. Hyperammonemic encephalopathy (HAE) is a serious paraneoplastic syndrome, and several cases of HAE have been reported in patients with FLHCC. This condition is rare; hence, there are currently no management guidelines for cancer-related HAE.

Successful Sirolimus Treatment for Korean Patients with Activated Phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ Syndrome 1: the First Case Series in Korea.

Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS)1 is caused by gain-of-function mutations in , which encodes the catalytic p110δ subunit of phosphoinositide 3 kinase. We describe three patients with APDS1, the first thereof in Korea. Therein, we investigated clinical manifestations of APDS1 and collected data on the efficacy and safety profile of sirolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor and pathway-specific targeted medicine.

Korean parents' perceptions of the challenges and needs on school re-entry during or after childhood and adolescent cancer: a multi-institutional survey by Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.

Background: For children and adolescents with cancer, going back to school is a key milestone in returning to "normal life."

Purpose: To identify the support vital for a successful transition, we evaluated the parents' needs and the challenges they face when their children return to school.

Methods: This multi-institutional study was conducted by the Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.

Histologic Response and Toxicity following Interval-Compressed Four-Drug Therapy Given Preoperatively in Children and Young Adults with Osteosarcoma: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: The histologic response to chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor in osteosarcoma. Thus, we attempted to develop an effective neoadjuvant regimen to achieve an improvement in histologic response.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients with a high-grade osteosarcoma received 2 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy non-randomly with either the MAP regimen (methotrexate 12 g/m2, cisplatin 120 mg/m2, and doxorubicin 75 mg/m2) or MAPI regimen (MAP plus ifosfamide 9 g/m2).

C/EBPβ Is a Transcriptional Regulator of Wee1 at the G₂/M Phase of the Cell Cycle.

The CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is a transcription factor that regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Although the pro-oncogenic roles of C/EBPβ have been implicated in various human cancers, how it contributes to tumorigenesis or tumor progression has not been determined. Immunohistochemistry with human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues revealed that higher levels of C/EBPβ protein were expressed compared to normal lung tissues.

Upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor by interferon consensus sequence-binding protein in osteosarcoma cells.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a known tumor suppressor, which also exerts a tumor promoting activity at an advanced stage of cancer. Previously, we reported that expression of interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP), also known as interferon regulatory factor-8, is positively correlated with TGF-β type I receptor (TGF-β RI) expression in osteosarcoma patient tissues. In this study, we demonstrated that ICSBP upregulated TGF-β RI and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like phenomena in human osteosarcoma cell lines.

Thromboembolism in children with cancer: a retrospective multicenter study in Korea.

Thromboembolism (TE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adult cancer patients; however, there is a lack of sufficient knowledge on TE in pediatric cancer patients. We aimed to determine the epidemiology of TE in Korean children with cancer. Between January 2000 and July 2015, we retrospectively analyzed pediatric patients newly diagnosed with cancer at six tertiary hospitals in Korea.

Second malignant neoplasms after childhood cancer: A nationwide population-based study in Korea.

Background: Second malignant neoplasm is one of the most devastating late effects of childhood cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and survival outcomes of patients developing second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) after surviving childhood cancer in Korea.

Methods: Medical data of childhood cancer patients diagnosed between 1993 and 2012 were obtained from the Korea Central Cancer Registry.

A Nationwide, Population-Based Epidemiologic Study of Childhood Brain Tumors in Korea, 2005-2014: A Comparison with United States Data.

Background: We investigated the epidemiologic characteristics of childhood brain tumors (CBT) in Korea, and compared our findings with those from the United States.

Methods: We searched the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database of the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) from 2005 to 2014, which included all Korean patients with CBT aged 0 to 19 years at diagnosis. The age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) and the 5-year relative survival rate (RSR) were determined.

School performance of childhood cancer survivors in Korea: A multi-institutional study on behalf of the Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.

Objective: To investigate school performance of childhood cancer survivors focusing on the child's functioning, including peer relationships, school attendance, and academic achievement.

Methods: We studied 241 children from 15 institutions in Korea between 2015 and 2016. The self-reported paper-and-pencil questionnaires were used.

Nationwide Statistical Analysis of Lymphoid Malignancies in Korea.

Purpose: Regional differences in the incidence of lymphoid malignancies have been reported worldwide, but there has been no large-scale epidemiologic analysis in Korea. The aim of this study was to provide a nationwide population-based statistical analysis of Korean patients with lymphoid malignancies.

Materials And Methods: The Korea Central Cancer Registry analyzed the incidence and survival of patients with lymphoid malignancies from the Korean National Cancer Incidence Database.

Outcome of Reinduction Chemotherapy with a Modified Dose of Idarubicin for Children with Marrow-Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of the Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (CALL)-0603 Study.

This multicenter, prospective trial was conducted to develop an effective and safe reinduction regimen for marrow-relapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by modifying the dose of idarubicin. Between 2006 and 2009, the trial accrued 44 patients, 1 to 21 years old with first marrow-relapsed ALL. The reinduction regimen comprised prednisolone, vincristine, L-asparaginase, and idarubicin (10 mg/m²/week).

Gonadal and Sexual Dysfunction in Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Purpose: Few studies have addressed gonadal and sexual dysfunctions in childhood cancer survivors. We evaluated the prevalence rates and risk factors for gonadal failure among adolescent/young adult childhood cancer survivors and their sexual function.

Materials And Methods: Subjects were childhood cancer survivors aged 15-29 years who had completed therapy more than 2 years ago.

Regulation of anoikis resistance by NADPH oxidase 4 and epidermal growth factor receptor.

Background: Normal cells are sensitive to anoikis, which is a cell detachment-induced apoptosis. However, cancer cells acquire anoikis resistance that is essential for successful metastasis. This study aimed to demonstrate the function and potential mechanism of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and EGFR activation in regulating anoikis resistance in lung cancer.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Second Malignant Neoplasms after Childhood Cancer Treatment: Multi-Center Retrospective Survey.

This retrospective study investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in survivors of childhood cancer from multiple institutions in Korea. A total of 102 patients from 11 institutions who developed SMN after childhood cancer treatment between 1998 and 2011 were retrospectively enrolled. The most common primary malignant neoplasms (PMNs) were central nervous system (CNS) tumors (n = 17), followed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 16), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 13), and osteosarcoma (n = 12).