Gastric carcinoma associated with Menetrier's-like disease in a West Highland white terrier.

A seven-year-old West Highland white terrier was presented for chronic vomiting associated with mild regenerative anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia. Further examination showed a giant polypoid cerebriform mass located in the lesser curvature of the stomach. Partial gastrectomy was performed and histology was consistent with hypertrophic gastritis with typical features of Ménétrier's disease.

N-terminal region of the PB1-F2 protein is responsible for increased expression of influenza A viral protein PB1.

Influenza A virus (IAV) PB1-F2 protein is encoded by an alternative reading frame (+1) within the PB1 gene. PB1-F2 has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of influenza virus infection as well as to the secondary bacterial infection. More recently has been shown that PB1-F2 protein may regulate a viral RNA (vRNA) polymerase activity by the interaction with PB1 protein.

Antibodies to PB1-F2 protein are induced in response to influenza A virus infection.

PB1-F2 is a small influenza A virus (IAV) protein encoded by an alternative (+1) reading frame of the PB1 gene. While dispensable for IAV replication in cultured cells, PB1-F2 has been implicated in IAV pathogenicity. To better understand PB1-F2 expression in vivo and its immunogenicity, we analyzed anti-PB1-F2 antibodies (Abs) in sera of mice infected intranasally (i.

Effect of proteasome inhibitors on expression of HLA-G isoforms.

HLA-G primary transcript is alternatively spliced into a number of mRNAs. In addition to full length HLA-G1 protein isoform these mRNAs might also encode truncated HLA-G protein isoforms lacking one or two extracellular domains. Whereas HLA-G1 protein isoform is regularly identified, truncated HLAG protein isoforms are not detected even if all alternative spliced mRNAs are present in cells.

Immunity in latent Herpes simplex virus infection.

Immune responses against productive Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and/or Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) (HSV) infection together with associated immune escape mechanisms are to a great degree understood. Due to a limited RNA expression and lacking a convincing evidence for production of virus proteins during latency, HSV in latently infected neurons had been for a long period considered invisible to immune system. This review analyzes currently accumulating data indicating an important role of immune response to HSV-1 latency and/or to early steps of HSV-1 reactivation process.

Sexually transmitted infections among prostitutes in Bratislava, Slovakia.

Sera from 18 prostitutes from Bratislava were examined for the presence of antibodies to several sexually transmitted pathogens, namely Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), Human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV), Chlamydia trachomatis, and Treponema pallidum. Results of this screening indicated that 11 prostitutes (61%) carried 1 or more sexually transmitted infections. The most prevalent antibodies were directed against HSV-2 (9 cases, i.

Mild acid treatment induces cross-reactivity of 4H84 monoclonal antibody specific to nonclassical HLA-G antigen with classical HLA class I molecules.

Mild acid treatment by releasing beta(2)m and antigenic peptides leaves human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I free heavy chains attached to the cell surface. Acid treatment thus allows detection of the cell surface class I antigens by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to HLA-free heavy chains. We found that acid treatment also enables detection of the cell surface non-classical HLA-G class I antigen with mAbs specific for HLA-G free heavy chains, including 4H84 mAb recognizing all isoforms.

Prevalence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus 2 among homosexual men either positive or negative for human immunodeficiency viruses in Slovakia.

We determined the prevalence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2, HSV-2 antibodies) in sera of homosexual men either positive for human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1, HIV+, a group of 27 sera) or negative for HIV-1 and HIV-2 (HIV-, a group of 52 sera) in Slovakia. Antibodies to HSV-2 glycoprotein G-2 (gG-2, gG-2 antibodies) were determined by a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and immunoblot analysis. We found that 40% of HIV+ and 23% of HIV- homosexual men were positive for the gG-2 antibodies, what is 3.

Characterization of glycoprotein C of HSZP strain of herpes simplex virus 1.

Sequences of UL44 genes of strains HSZP, KOS and 17 of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) were determined and the amino acid sequences of corresponding glycoproteins (gC) were deduced. In comparison with the 17 strain, the HSZP strain showed specific changes in 3 nucleotides and in 2 amino acids (aa 139 and 147, both from Arg to Trp) in the antigenic locus LII. The change at aa 147 was situated within the GAG-binding epitope.

Monoclonal antibodies suitable for type-specific identification of herpes simplex viruses by a rapid culture assay.

Eight monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to herpes simplex viruses 1 and/or 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2) were tested for their reactivity with 190 previously typed HSV-positive clinical specimens in order to determine their suitability for use as type-specific reagents. Using a rapid culture assay we found that two MAbs (T51 and T96) identified HSV-1 in all the 94 specimens, previously found HSV-1-positive, but did not react with the 96 specimens, previously found HSV-2-positive. In contrast, one MAb (303) confirmed the presence of HSV-2 in all the specimens, previously found HSV-2-positive, but did not react with any of the 94 specimens, previously found HSV-1-positive.

Antibody responses to the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein G in sera of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Slovakia.

Thirty sera of human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) and 37 sera of HIV-negative (HIV-) individuals in Slovakia were tested for the presence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) glycoprotein G (gG). A notable difference between the prevalence of HSV-2-specific antibodies in HIV+ and that in HIV- individuals was found (37% vs. 11%) confirming and extending previous reports that HSV-2 infection is an important risk factor for HIV transmission.

Monoclonal antibodies to the distinct antigenic sites on glycoproteins C and B and their protective abilities in herpes simplex virus infection.

The relative importance of the humoral immune response to various antigenic sites on the glycoproteins C and B (gC, gB) of herpes simplex virus (HSV) was evaluated in BALB/c and DBA/2 mice passively immunized with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and then challenged with lethal dose of infectious virus. Eight MoAbs to three topographically distinct antigenic sites on gC and eight MoAbs to two distinct antigenic sites on gB were selected. The results indicated that any antigenic site on gC and gB contains epitopes for the protective immunity.

Herpes simplex virus type 2 and pseudorabies virus associated growth factors and their role in the latency in vitro.

A putative herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) growth factor (HSGF-2) was detected in a crude extract from virus infected mouse embryo cells. This factor, similar to previously described pseudorabies virus (PRV) associated growth factor (PRGF) was shown to have ability to morphologically transform non-transformed cells and to repress the transformed phenotype of transformed cells. Both activities could be neutralized with two, out of seven monoclonal antibodies directed against glycoprotein B of HSV-2.

Type-common and type-specific monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

Seventeen monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) reacting specifically with the cells infected with herpes simplex viruses type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) were characterized by a variety of immunological tests such as radioimmunoprecipitation, immunoblotting and virus-neutralization. The majority of Mabs was directed against glycoprotein B (anti-gB), six reacted with glycoprotein C (anti-gC) and one with glycoprotein G (anti-gG). Six anti-gB Mabs reacted with both types of HSV (anti-gB-1,2), two anti-gB and all the six anti-gC Mabs have been specific for HSV-1 (anti-gB-1 and anti-gC-1).

Synthesis of glycoproteins of syncytial and non-syncytial strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 and their transport to the plasma membrane.

Underglycosylated form of glycoprotein C (gC) synthesized in the presence of tunicamycin was found on the surface membrane of BHK cells infected with the non-syncytial (non-syn) strain Kupka of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Such form of gC was not detected in the plasma membrane of tunicamycin-treated cells infected with the syncytial (syn) HSZP strain of HSV-1. In comparison to the non-syn strain Kupka, a smaller amount of glycoproteins of the syn HSZP strain was detected on the surface membrane of Vero cells.

Liquid-phase and solid-phase radioimmunoassay with herpes simlex virus type 1 nucleocapsids.

Liquid-phase radioimmunoassay (LPRIA) and solid-phase radioimmunoassay (SPRIA) are described utilizing either 125I-labelled or immobilized nucleocapsids (NC) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). These techniques appeared sensitive and specific for quantification of HSV-NC antigens and corresponding antibodies.

Ultrastructural localization by immunoperoxidase techniques of influenza virus antigens in abortive infection of L cells.

An abortive infection was induced in L cells by influenza virus A/Hong Kong/68 (H3N2). With the use of antibody and peroxidase-labelled protein A, the localization of virus protein synthesis but not the maturation of virus particles was demonstrated at the ultrastructural level. Five days after inoculation (p.

Detection of herpesvirus antigens by solid-phase radioimmunoassay with 125I-antiglobulin and 125I-protein A.

The binding of immune (IS) and non-immune (NS) sera to herpes simplex virus type 1- (HSV-1) infected Vero cells was tested by indirect solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) with radioiodinated swine anti-rabbit IgG (125I-SwAR-IgG) or staphylococcal protein A (125I-SPA). To indicate the binding of non-immune IgG molecules to virus-induced Fc-receptors, the cells were incubated in the presence or absence of the glycosylation inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DOG). With 125I-SwAR-IgG, the binding of both IS and NS to untreated cells was higher at all time intervals than their binding to infected cells kept post infection in the presence of DOG.

[Preparation of porcine IgA and its detection using the fluorescent antibody technic].

The preparation of immunoglobulin A (IgA) from porcine colostrum, intestinal content and serum is described. The best results were achieved with colostrum, from which an antigen of satisfactory purity was prepared by purification on Sephadex G-200, on DEAE cellulose and subsequent filtration on Sephadex G-200. The serum to this antigen raised in rabbits was adsorbed to an immunoadsorbent from porcine serum (PS) or porcine IgG.