Metabolic states influence chicken retinal pigment epithelium cell fate decisions.

During tissue regeneration, proliferation, dedifferentiation and reprogramming are necessary to restore lost structures. However, it is not fully understood how metabolism intersects with these processes. Chicken embryos can regenerate their retina through retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) reprogramming when treated with fibroblast factor 2 (FGF2).

Macrophages modulate fibrosis during newt lens regeneration.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that macrophages are present during lens regeneration in newts, but their role in the process is yet to be elucidated.

Methods: Here we generated a transgenic reporter line using the newt, Pleurodeles waltl, that traces macrophages during lens regeneration. Furthermore, we assessed early changes in gene expression during lens regeneration using two newt species, Notophthalmus viridescens and Pleurodeles waltl.

Macrophages modulate fibrosis during newt lens regeneration.

Background: Previous studies indicated that macrophages play a role during lens regeneration in newts, but their function has not been tested experimentally.

Methods: Here we generated a transgenic newt reporter line in which macrophages can be visualized . Using this new tool, we analyzed the location of macrophages during lens regeneration.

DISTINCT METABOLIC STATES DIRECT RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM CELL FATE DECISIONS.

During tissue regeneration, proliferation, dedifferentiation, and reprogramming are necessary to restore lost structures. However, it is not fully understood how metabolism intersects with these processes. Chicken embryos can regenerate their retina through retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) reprogramming when treated with fibroblast factor 2 (FGF2).

Macrophages modulate fibrosis during newt lens regeneration.

Previous studies indicated that macrophages play a role during lens regeneration in newts, but their function has not been tested experimentally. Here we generated a transgenic newt reporter line in which macrophages can be visualized . Using this new tool, we analyzed the location of macrophages during lens regeneration.

Characterizing the lens regeneration process in Pleurodeles waltl.

Background: Aging and regeneration are heavily linked processes. While it is generally accepted that regenerative capacity declines with age, some vertebrates, such as newts, can bypass the deleterious effects of aging and successfully regenerate a lens throughout their lifetime.

Results: Here, we used Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) to monitor the lens regeneration process of larvae, juvenile, and adult newts.

A Stage-Specific OTX2 Regulatory Network and Maturation-Associated Gene Programs Are Inherent Barriers to RPE Neural Competency.

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) exhibits a diverse range of plasticity across vertebrates and is a potential source of cells for the regeneration of retinal neurons. Embryonic amniotes possess a transitory ability to regenerate neural retina through the reprogramming of RPE cells in an FGF-dependent manner. Chicken RPE can regenerate neural retina at embryonic day 4 (E4), but RPE neural competence is lost by embryonic day 5 (E5).

In Vivo Imaging of Newt Lens Regeneration: Novel Insights Into the Regeneration Process.

Purpose: To establish optical coherence tomography (OCT) as an in vivo imaging modality for investigating the process of newt lens regeneration.

Methods: Spectral-domain OCT was employed for in vivo imaging of the newt lens regeneration process. A total of 37 newts were lentectomized and followed by OCT imaging over the course of 60 to 80 days.

Author Correction: Two-level factorial experiments.

The initially published paper contained an error in Table 1: in the rightmost column (y), "0.09" should have been "-0.09.

Controlling the extrudate swell in melt extrusion additive manufacturing of 3D scaffolds: a designed experiment.

Tissue engineering using three-dimensional porous scaffolds has shown promise for the restoration of normal function in injured and diseased tissues and organs. Rigorous control over scaffold architecture in melt extrusion additive manufacturing is highly restricted mainly due to pronounced variations in the deposited strand diameter upon any variations in process conditions and polymer viscoelasticity. We have designed an I-optimal, split-plot experiment to study the extrudate swell in melt extrusion additive manufacturing and to control the scaffold architecture.

Validation of scaffold design optimization in bone tissue engineering: finite element modeling versus designed experiments.

This study reports the development of biological/synthetic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (TE) via 3D bioplotting. These scaffolds were composed of poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), type I collagen, and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) in an attempt to mimic the extracellular matrix of bone. The solvent used for processing the scaffolds was 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol.

Selecting the best design for nonstandard toxicology experiments.

Although many experiments in environmental toxicology use standard statistical experimental designs, there are situations that arise where no such standard design is natural or applicable because of logistical constraints. For example, the layout of a laboratory may suggest that each shelf serve as a block, with the number of experimental units per shelf either greater than or less than the number of treatments in a way that precludes the use of a typical block design. In such cases, an effective and powerful alternative is to employ optimal experimental design principles, a strategy that produces designs with precise statistical estimates.