Occupational and environmental risk factors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A case-control study.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental and occupational risk factors of IPF.

Methods: This hospital-based, case-control study included 206 patients with IPF selected from the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Interstitial Lung Disease registry and 167 controls without lung disease.

Understanding the effects of Haemophilus influenzae colonization on bronchiectasis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Bacterial colonization is an essential aspect of bronchiectasis. Although Haemophilus influenzae is a frequent colonizer in some regions, its clinical impacts are poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of H.

Real-world experience of adverse reactions-necessitated rifampicin-sparing treatment for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.

Rifampicin is an important agent for tuberculosis treatment; however, it is often discontinued because of adverse reactions. The treatment regimen then can be administered as that for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, which can be toxic. We retrospectively reviewed 114 patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis who discontinued rifampicin due to adverse reactions during an 18 year period at a tertiary referral center, of which 92 (80.

Comparison of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy and transthoracic needle biopsy for diagnosing bronchus sign-positive pulmonary lesions.

Objectives: Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) is an advanced technique for diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions, and the bronchus sign is a well-established factor for improving the diagnostic performance. However, ENB is a novel technology compared to the commonly adopted transthoracic needle biopsy (TTNB). There are limited data on the comparison of these techniques for diagnosing bronchus sign-positive lesions.

Usefulness of the BACES score in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease for various clinical outcomes.

A uniform prognostic marker is needed for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) due to the diverse clinical course. We aimed to seek the utility of the BACES score, originally derived to predict all-cause mortality, for various outcomes. To calculate the BACES score, one point was given for each of the following factors: body mass index < 18.

A prospective study on the long-term storage of sputum and the recovery of nontuberculous mycobacteria.

Background: There is little information on the optimal storage conditions for recovery of nontuberculous spp. (NTM) from refrigerated sputum.

Objectives: We investigated the storage duration that could increase the culture-positive rate of NTM isolates.

Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy Versus Radial Endobronchial Ultrasound for Diagnosing Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Introduction: Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) and radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) are advanced imaging-guided bronchoscopy techniques for diagnosing pulmonary lesions. This study aimed to determine the comparative diagnostic yield of sole ENB and R-EBUS under moderate sedation.

Methods: We investigated 288 patients who underwent sole ENB (n=157) or sole R-EBUS (n=131) under moderate sedation for pulmonary lesion biopsy between January 2017 and April 2022.

Correlation of monocyte counts with clinical outcomes in idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.

Higher blood monocyte counts are related to worse survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, studies evaluating the association between blood monocyte counts and clinical outcomes of idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP) are lacking. We evaluated the impact of monocyte counts on iNSIP prognosis.

Interstitial pneumonitis associated with dasatinib treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia: case series and a literature review.

Dasatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is usually prescribed for chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, some patients may develop an intolerance to this drug over the years. Among various toxicities related to dasatinib, dasatinib-associated interstitial pneumonitis is not reported frequently in the literature yet.

Impact of body weight change on clinical outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis receiving pirfenidone.

There have been limited studies on the association between prognosis and body weight change in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This single-center retrospective observational study evaluated the impact of weight loss on outcomes in Korean patients with IPF receiving pirfenidone at a tertiary medical institution. We analyzed 215 IPF patients prescribed pirfenidone from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2019.

The significance of elevated tumor markers among patients with interstitial lung diseases.

The clinical implication of using serum tumor markers in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is inconclusive. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the data of 1176 subjects (294 with ILDs and 882 healthy controls). Eligible patients were who had at least one or more available tumor marker results [carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CA 125, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)] with no evidence of malignancies or other benign diseases that could be related to the increasing concentration of the values.

Evaluation of the synergistic impact of needle and forceps biopsy with electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy: the CONFIDENT-ENB trial design.

Background: Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) is an emerging advanced imaging-guided bronchoscopy technique for diagnosing peripheral lung lesions. However, the selection strategy for the optimal biopsy device and whether adopting a multi-tool strategy increases the diagnostic yield remains undetermined. The CONFIDENT-ENB trial (NCT05110131) is a prospective randomized study on ENB, performed in a least-invasive setting.

Treatment shortening of drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis using high-dose rifampicin for 3 months after culture conversion (Hi-DoRi-3): a study protocol for an open-label randomized clinical trial.

Background: The standard treatment regimen for drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB), comprising four companion drugs, requires a minimum duration of 6 months, and this lengthy treatment leads to poor adherence and increased toxicity. To improve rates of adherence, reduce adverse events, and lower costs, a simplified and shortened treatment regimen is warranted.

Methods: This study is a multicenter, open-label randomized clinical trial of non-inferiority design that compares a new regimen with the conventional regimen for drug-sensitive pulmonary TB.

Impact of Preoperative Diagnostic Biopsy Procedure on Spread Through Airspaces and Related Outcomes in Resected Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Tumor spread through airspaces (STAS) is a recently determined pathologic phenomenon of lung cancer with significant prognostic impact. This study aimed to analyze the unexplored correlation between preoperative biopsy procedure and a higher risk of STAS and its impact on STAS-related outcomes in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Research Question: Does preoperative biopsy procedure affect the risk of STAS and STAS-related outcomes in surgically treated stage I NSCLC?

Study Design And Methods: We examined 2,169 patients who underwent surgery for pathologic stage I NSCLC from January 2011 through December 2019 at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, a tertiary center in South Korea.

Utility and safety of sole electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy under moderate sedation for lung cancer diagnosis.

Background: Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) is an emerging technique for diagnosing pulmonary lesions. However, limited data is available on its sole utility under a least invasive setting without general anesthesia. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and safety of sole ENB under moderate sedation for diagnosing pulmonary lesions suspicious for lung cancer and to determine clinical factors associated with a better diagnostic yield.

Clinical features and long-term prognosis of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia histologically confirmed by surgical lung biopsy.

Background: Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is a rare interstitial pneumonia characterized by intra-alveolar fibrin deposition and organizing pneumonia. The clinical manifestations and long-term prognosis of AFOP are unclear. Our objective was to investigate the clinical features and prognosis of AFOP.

Acute Respiratory Deterioration in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Single-Center Study.

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Moreover, acute exacerbation (AE) is a devastating complication of RA plus ILD. However, few data on AE in RA-associated ILD are available.

Differences in detection patterns, characteristics, and outcomes of central and peripheral lung cancers in low-dose computed tomography screening.

Background: Although low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening is known to be effective for the detection of lung cancers localized in peripheral lung regions at a curable stage, limited data is available regarding the characteristics and outcomes of central lung cancers diagnosed in a screening cohort. This study aimed to determine whether LDCT screening could effectively detect central lung cancers at an early stage and offer survival benefits.

Methods: We analyzed 52,615 adults who underwent lung cancer screening with LDCT between May 2003 and Dec 2019 at a tertiary center in South Korea.

Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease: prevalence and clinical outcome.

Background: The progressive fibrosing (PF) phenotype of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is characterised by worsening respiratory symptoms, lung function, and extent of fibrosis on high-resolution computed tomography. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical outcomes of PF-ILD in a real-world cohort and assess the prognostic significance of the PF-ILD diagnostic criteria.

Methods: Clinical data of patients with fibrosing ILD other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) consecutively diagnosed at a single centre were retrospectively reviewed.

A Prospective Cohort Study of Bioavailable 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels as a Marker of Vitamin D Status in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease.

Research on vitamin D in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary disease (PD) is limited. We aimed to compare the vitamin D parameters of patients with NTM-PD to those of a healthy control group, and to assess the possible predictive markers for a clinical response. We prospectively enrolled 53 patients with NTM-PD between January 2014 and December 2016.

Diagnostic and prognostic implications of 2018 guideline for the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in clinical practice.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implications of the 2018 updated guideline for the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in clinical practice compared to 2011 guideline. This study involved 535 patients including 339 IPF and 196 non-IPF, and we retrospectively evaluated CT classifications of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) by two guidelines. Interobserver agreement of 2018 criteria showed moderate reliability (κ = 0.