Influence of external fixation on the isomeric strength of the shoulder flexors in individuals with scapular elevation.

Background: Sufficient shoulder flexor strength is necessary for accurate movement of the shoulder joint because several factors can cause compensatory movements of the scapula.

Objective: We investigated the influence of external fixation on the isometric shoulder flexors strength (ISFS) in individuals with and without scapular elevation (SE) during shoulder flexion.

Methods: The healthy and SE groups included 29 individuals.

Comparison of abductor hallucis muscle activity in subjects with mild hallux valgus during three different foot exercises.

Background: Normal alignment of the foot is important because the feet support the body's weight. The intrinsic muscles of the foot mainly maintain the alignment and movement of the foot, whereas the abductor hallucis (AbdH) aligns the first metatarsophalangeal joint and maintains the medial longitudinal arch.

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the muscle activity of the AbdH and hallux valgus (HV) angle during three different foot exercises.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Tau and Related Proteins in Rats with the Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.

Although Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology is frequently found in patients with post-stroke dementia, little is known about the effects of aerobic exercise on the modifications of tau and related proteins. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise on the phosphorylation and acetylation of tau and the expressions of tau-related proteins, after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats with MCAO infarction were used in this study.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Tau and Related Proteins in Rats with Photochemically-Induced Infarction.

Background: Recent evidence indicates brain ischemia is associated with accumulations of abnormal tau and related proteins. However, the effects of aerobic training on these proteins have not been evaluated.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on the phosphorylation and acetylation of tau and on the expressions of tau related proteins in a rat stroke model and to compare the effects of aerobic exercise with those observed in our previous study on task specific training (TST).