Common Patterns and Unique Threats in Antimicrobial Resistance as Demonstrated by Global Gonococcal Surveillance.

The rapid emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae threatens treatment options and control efforts. The Uniformed Services University Gonococcal Reference Laboratory and Repository of the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance Program receives isolates from several geographically distinct regions worldwide. We analyzed 962 isolates collected during 2014-2022 for genomic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance.

Next Generation Sequencing and Genetic Analyses Reveal Factors Driving Evolution of Sweetpotato Viruses in Uganda.

Sweetpotato ( L.) is an essential food crop globally, especially for farmers facing resource limitations. Like other crops, sweetpotato cultivation faces significant production challenges due to viral infections.

Draft genome sequence of strain MUWRP1017 isolated from the pus of a female inpatient at Bwera General Hospital in Uganda.

The bacterium , with a genome size of 3.4 Mb, was isolated from a pus swab of a wound on the left lower limb above the ankle joint of a female patient. This strain carries the antimicrobial resistance genes cephalosporinase , oxallinase , , and and other resistance and virulence genes.

Isolation and Characterization of Novel Lytic Bacteriophages Infecting Carbapenem-Resistant Pathogenic Diarrheagenic and Uropathogenic .

Background: The evolution of antimicrobial resistance has dramatically reduced the efficacy of the first-choice and last-resort antibiotics used to treat infections. Thus, searching for novel therapeutics to treat and control the emergence of antibiotic resistance is urgent. Therefore, this study aimed to illustrate the lytic effect of phages against carbapenem-resistant pathogenic .

Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in ticks collected from animals and the environment in Uganda.

Aims: Coxiella burnetii is a highly infectious organism that is easily spread through aerosols causing Q fever in humans. Ticks can harbour and transmit C. burnetii to animals, contributing to disease maintenance.

Draft genome sequence of strain MUWRP0921, isolated from the urine of an adult female Ugandan.

bacteria are pathogenic among immune-compromised individuals. A strain (MUWRP0921) of with a genome of 2,708,354 bp was isolated from Uganda and carries genes that are associated with antibiotic resistance, including resistance to macrolides () and )), aminoglycosides ()), tetracyclines ()), and trimethoprim ().

Genome Analysis of Reveals International High-Risk Pandemic MDR Clones Emerging in Tertiary Healthcare Settings in Uganda.

is a threat to public health due to its continued evolution. In this study, we investigated the evolution, convergence, and transmission of hypervirulent and multi-drug resistant (MDR) clones of within healthcare facilities in Uganda. There was high resistance to piperacillin (90.

Resistome and virulome of high-risk pandemic clones of multidrug-resistant extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) isolated from tertiary healthcare settings in Uganda.

Multi-drug resistant (MDR) globally disseminated extraintestinal pathogenic high-risk Escherichia coli (ExPEC) clones are threatening the gains in bacterial disease management. In this study, we evaluated the genomic structure including the resistome and virulome of the E. coli isolates from extraintestinal infections using whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals High Genetic Diversity, Diverse Repertoire of Virulence-Associated Genes and Limited Antibiotic Resistance Genes among Commensal from Food Animals in Uganda.

Commensal with broad repertoire of virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes pose serious public health risks as reservoirs of AMR and virulence. This study undertook whole genome characterization of commensal from food-producing animals in Uganda to investigate their genome variability (resistome and virulome). We established that the had high genomic diversity with 38 sequence types, 24 FimH types, and 33 O-antigen serotypes randomly distributed within three phylogroups (A, B1, and E).

Wide distribution of Mediterranean and African spotted fever agents and the first identification of Israeli spotted fever agent in ticks in Uganda.

Rickettsia microorganisms are causative agents of several neglected emerging infectious diseases in humans transmitted by arthropods including ticks. In this study, ticks were collected from four geographical regions of Uganda and pooled in sizes of 1-179 ticks based on location, tick species, life stage, host, and time of collection. Then, they were tested by real-time PCR for Rickettsia species with primers targeting gltA, 17kDa and ompA genes, followed by Sanger sequencing of the 17kDa and ompA genes.

Molecular characterisation of human adenoviruses associated with respiratory infections in Uganda.

Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are a diverse group of viruses causing a broad range of infections of the respiratory, urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts and keratoconjunctivitis. There are seven species of human adenoviruses with 113 genotypes which may contain multiple genetic variants. This study characterised respiratory human adenoviruses and associated factors in samples collected from selected hospitals in Uganda.

Whole strains vs MGEs in short and longterm transmission of ESBL genes between healthcare and community settings in Uganda.

Multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli are a leading cause of infections in hospital and community settings. Based on samples from two hospitals in Uganda and households of inpatients we tested the hypothesis that ESBL E. coli and/or their resistance determinants could spread within the healthcare and community settings through discharged patients that were still colonized.

Co-Surveillance of Rotaviruses in Humans and Domestic Animals in Central Uganda Reveals Circulation of Wide Genotype Diversity in the Animals.

Rotavirus genotypes are species specific. However, interspecies transmission is reported to result in the emergence of new genotypes. A cross-sectional study of 242 households with 281 cattle, 418 goats, 438 pigs, and 258 humans in Uganda was undertaken between 2013 and 2014.

Genome Sequence Analysis of a Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica Strain Isolated from a Septic Wound of a Hospitalized Patient in Uganda.

We report a genome sequence of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica strain MUWRP0946, isolated from a hospitalized patient in Uganda. The genome size was 2.08 million bases, and the genome completeness was 94.

Genetic Evolution of Avian Influenza A (H9N2) Viruses Isolated from Domestic Poultry in Uganda Reveals Evidence of Mammalian Host Adaptation, Increased Virulence and Reduced Sensitivity to Baloxavir.

A (H9N2) avian influenza A viruses were first detected in Uganda in 2017 and have since established themselves in live bird markets. The aim of this study was to establish the subsequent genetic evolution of H9N2 viruses in Uganda. Cloacal samples collected from live bird market stalls in Kampala from 2017 to 2019 were screened by RT-PCR for influenza A virus and H9N2 viruses were isolated in embryonated eggs.

GENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT EXTENDED-SPECTRUM β-LACTAMASE-PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI AND KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE FROM CHIMPANZEES (PAN TROGLODYTES) FROM WILD AND SANCTUARY LOCATIONS IN UGANDA.

Farm and wild animals may serve as reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria of human health relevance. We investigated the occurrence and genomic characteristics of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in Ugandan chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) residing in two environments with or without close contact to humans. The ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from fecal material of chimpanzees from Budongo Forest and Ngamba Island Chimpanzee Sanctuary in Uganda and were more commonly isolated from chimpanzees in Ngamba Island Chimpanzee Sanctuary, where animals have close contact with humans.

Phyto-Mediated Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Photocatalytic Performances.

The greatest challenge of the current generation and generations to come is antimicrobial resistance, as different pathogenic bacteria have continuously evolved to become resistant to even the most recently synthesized antibiotics such as carbapenems. Resistance to carbapenems limits the therapeutic options of MDR infections as they are the only safe and effective drugs recommended to treat such infections. This scenario has complicated treatment outcomes, even to the commonest bacterial infections.

Epitope Peptide-Based Predication and Other Functional Regions of Antigenic F and HN Proteins of Waterfowl and Poultry Isolates From Uganda.

Uganda is a Newcastle disease (ND) endemic country where the disease is controlled by vaccination using live LaSota (genotype II) and I (genotype I) vaccine strains. Resurgent outbreak episodes call for an urgent need to understand the antigenic diversity of circulating wild (AAvV1) strains. High mutation rates and the continuous emergence of genetic and antigenic variants that evade immunity make non-segmented RNA viruses difficult to control.

Seroprevalence of human coronaviruses among patients visiting hospital-based sentinel sites in Uganda.

Background: Human coronaviruses are causative agents of respiratory infections with several subtypes being prevalent worldwide. They cause respiratory illnesses of varying severity and have been described to be continuously emerging but their prevalence is not well documented in Uganda. This study assessed the seroprevalence of antibodies against the previously known human coronaviruses prior 2019 in Uganda.

Challenges and Solutions to Viral Diseases of Finfish in Marine Aquaculture.

Aquaculture is the fastest food-producing sector in the world, accounting for one-third of global food production. As is the case with all intensive farming systems, increase in infectious diseases has adversely impacted the growth of marine fish farming worldwide. Viral diseases cause high economic losses in marine aquaculture.

Molecular Characterization of Closely Related H6N2 Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Turkey, Egypt, and Uganda.

Genetic analysis of circulating avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in wild birds at different geographical regions during the same period could improve our knowledge about virus transmission dynamics in natural hosts, virus evolution as well as zoonotic potential. Here, we report the genetic and molecular characterization of H6N2 influenza viruses isolated from migratory birds in Turkey, Egypt, and Uganda during 2017-2018. The Egyptian and Turkish isolates were genetically closer to each other than they were to the virus isolated from Uganda.

The evolutionary history of ACE2 usage within the coronavirus subgenus .

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) and SARS-CoV-2 are not phylogenetically closely related; however, both use the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in humans for cell entry. This is not a universal sarbecovirus trait; for example, many known sarbecoviruses related to SARS-CoV-1 have two deletions in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein that render them incapable of using human ACE2. Here, we report three sequences of a novel sarbecovirus from Rwanda and Uganda that are phylogenetically intermediate to SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 and demonstrate via in vitro studies that they are also unable to utilize human ACE2.